Digital radio frequency memory synthetic instrument enhancing US Navy Automated Test Equipment mission

Abstract

This research project aims to expand the capability of current US Navy Automated Test Equipment (ATE) family of testers known as the Consolidated Automated Support System (CASS). Industry research is now focused on breaking the historical construct of test equipment. Advances in the field of Synthetic Instruments have opened the door to test avionics in new ways. Every year new capabilities are developed using core hardware and increasingly capable software modules to create complex waveforms. This research creates a Digital Radio Frequency Memory (DRFM) Synthetic Instrument that can be programmed to perform a wide array of low latency Radio Frequency (RF) tests. Synthetic Instruments are defined as a concatenation of hardware and software modules used in combination to emulate a traditional piece of electronic instrumentation. This Synthetic Instrument couples high speed Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADC) to high speed Digital-to-Analog Converters (DAC) with Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) in between for digital signal processing. An RF front end is used to down convert the RF to baseband where it is sampled, modified, and up converted back to RF. The FPGA performs Digital Signal Processing (DSP) on the signal to achieve the desired output. Application of this DRFM in automated testing is demonstrated using a Reconfigurable Transportable Consolidated Automated Support System (RTCASS) tester at Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) Jacksonville, FL. The Unit Under Test (UUT) is an ALQ-162 Defensive Electronic Countermeasures (DECM) receiver-transmitter. Ultra-low latency signals are generated to simulate enemy jamming stimulus. As the ALQ-162 detects and responds to the input, the DRFM switches to a new frequency. The time taken by the ALQ-162 to acquire, respond, and re-acquire is measured. This test confirms the internal Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) oscillator meets slew specifications. Currently Navy ATE can only test RF units using high latency steady state tests. This research project developed a supplemental unit that can be added to the VXI chassis in the CASS family of testers and conduct ultra-low latency active tests. The instrument acts as hardware-in-the-loop to perform real-time tests including a new capability to measure jamming response time from DECM avionics. Demonstrated performance capabilities include: latency 80 dBc, input SFDR > 60 dBc, frequency tuning resolution < 2 Hz, and frequency settling time < 0.5 ns. New RF capabilities developed by this effort parallel similar research ongoing for digital test instruments like the Teradyne High Speed Subsystem. Incorporating this Digital RF Memory synthetic instrument into current and future ATE will improve readiness and supportability of the fleet. Improvements demonstrated by this research project will expand the type and quantity of assets able to be tested by current and future ATE.