Differential compensatory growth in swine following control of feed intake by a high-alfalfa diet fed ad libitum or by limited feed.

Abstract

Seventy-two castrated male four-way composite (Chester White x Landrace x Large White x Yorkshire) weanling pigs (17 kg initial BW) were used to determine the compensatory response of specific organs and whole body following a 3-wk period of restricted energy intake imposed by ad libitum-feeding an 80% alfalfa meal diet or pair-feeding an adequate corn-soybean meal diet to attain equal weight loss. Six pigs were killed at d 0 to provide baseline data. Six pigs from each diet group (control, C; alfalfa, A, restricted, R) were killed at d 21, after which all remaining pigs were fed C ad libitum to 35 d, 105 d or 126 d. Six pigs per group were killed at 35 and 105 d and four per group were killed at 126 d. Organ weight and carcass data were recorded for all pigs at all time intervals. Regression of organ and trimmed lean tissue weights on time was tested for linearity (d 1 to 126 for C and d 21 to 126 for A and R except d 35 to 126 for gastrointestinal tract traits for A and R); differences in organ weights between C, A and R at d 21 and d 35 were tested by a two-way analysis of variance. There was no evidence of a compensatory growth response to dietary energy restriction for 21 d except for rate of change in weights of liver and kidneys and backfat depth from 21 to 126 d and of gastrointestinal tract components from 21 to 35 d. Specific organs may exhibit compensatory growth over different time spans in young pigs in the absence of observable weight compensation at the whole-animal level.