Abstract
An extensive and interdisciplinary literature review was carried out to evaluate the uses of synthetically produced ozone in many different application areas. The objective of the study was to investigate the disinfectant and purifying effectiveness of this natural compound and evaluate its use as an economically and environmentally sustainable alternative to treatments that often involve the adoption of pharmaceutical agents. Being a natural substance, the potential environmental sustainability of the use of ozone in areas such as water disinfectant; pesticide action in agriculture; and antibiotic, anti-inflammatory and antiviral actions in animal husbandry and fish farming are of interest. In addition to environmental sustainability, economic sustainability is also important for companies employing ozone in their processes. Thus, a case study was proposed that represents the use of ozone in a pilot swine farm located in Northern Italy, both as an alternative to pharmaceutical drugs for the animals and as an air and water purifier. The case study demonstrates the economic sustainability of ozone use, especially in the medium run, along with its ability to reduce animal mortality (by about 2%), as well as decrease use of pharmaceutical antibiotics.
Highlights
Companies and, more generally, organizations are pursuing economically, environmentally and socially sustainable development
An extensive and interdisciplinary literature review was carried out, with the aim to investigate the possible uses of synthetically produced ozone in several fields and to investigate the effectiveness of this treatment as an alternative to other ones, more conventional and widespread, usually based on pharmaceutical drugs and products
The first interesting outcome is the versatility of this substance, which can be used as a natural method for the disinfection and purification of wastewater, as well as drinking water, and in medicine, agriculture and livestock breeding
Summary
Companies and, more generally, organizations are pursuing economically, environmentally and socially sustainable development. The application of ozone to water is carried out in place of other disinfectants [33,34], providing, unlike the latter, a safe sanitization that does not involve any release of chemical residues, such as chlorine, which in recent years has been replaced by ozone in swimming pools, spas and in many other areas that require clean and safe water. It does not alter the characteristics of water, especially the taste, and generates fewer harmful by-products. Managerial insights are given, derived from the proposed case study
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