Different effects of dark treatment on pigment composition and photosystem I and II activities in intact cotyledons and primary leaves of Cucurbita pepo (zucchini)

Abstract

Darkness mediates different senescence-related responses depending on the targeting of dark treatment (whole plants or individual leaves) and the organs that perceive the signal (leaves or cotyledons). In this study, we presented data on the differential effects of 2-day dark treatment on progression of senescence in cotyledons and primary leaves of 14-day-old plants of Cucurbita pepo L. (zucchini). The lack of changes in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid contents as well as in the PSI activity measured by the far-red induced alterations in the P700 oxidation levels and the quantum yield of electron transport from Q A − to PSI end acceptors (\(\varphi_{\hbox{R}_0}\)) indicated higher resistance of cotyledons to the applied dark stress compared to the primary leaves. In contrast to cotyledons, PSI activity in the primary leaves was significantly inhibited. Concerning the activity of PSII analyzed by the changes in the JIP-test parameters (the maximal efficiency of PSII photochemistry, \(\varphi_{\hbox{P}_0}\); the performance index, PIABS; the efficiency of Q A − reoxidation, ψ 0 and the effective dissipation per reaction center, DI0/RC), no differences were observed between cotyledons and primary leaves, thus suggesting that PSI activity in the true leaves was more susceptible to the applied dark stress. The transfer of the darkened plants to normal light regime resulted in delayed senescence in cotyledons which was in contrast to results on Arabidopsis, thus implying the existence of specific mechanisms of cotyledon senescence in different monocarpic plants.