Abstract
BackgroundHypertension is a significant global public health problem and recognized as an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. This study was designed to assess the current prevalence of hypertension and to explore risk factors associated with hypertension by urban and rural status to guide the prevention and control of hypertension in Jilin province.MethodsA multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to obtain data on hypertension, which was investigated by physical examination and face-to-face questionnaire in July 2014-December 2015. Sample data were analyzed by complex weighted statistical analysis to estimate blood pressure levels and prevalence of hypertension in the province. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing hypertension rates.ResultsThe prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in rural areas than urban areas (25.93% versus 22.73%, respectively). The rates of hypertension known (46.7% versus 38.1%, respectively), control (13.7% versus 5.0%, respectively), and controlled among treated subjects (38.3% versus 17.5%, respectively) were higher in urban areas than in rural areas (all p < 0.001), while the treatment rate was not statistically significantly different between urban and rural areas (35.9% versus 28.4%, respectively). After adjusting for demographic covariates, hypertension prevalence in rural areas was still significantly greater than in urban areas (adjusted OR = 1.22; 95%CI: 1.10, 1.36; p < 0.001). Common risk factors for hypertension among urban and rural residents included older age; male; married; employed; less education; overweight/obese; greater abdominal waist circumference; family history of hypertension, stroke, or coronary heart disease; current smoker; alcohol consumption; higher visceral adiposity index; and higher body fat percentage.ConclusionsThis study identified an increased risk for hypertension in rural regions of Jilin province, suggesting that rural hypertension screening and treatment guidelines should receive greater attention.
Highlights
According to a recent report by the World Health Organization (WHO), non-communicable diseases account for 70% of all deaths worldwide, equivalent to 40 million fatalities per year [1]
The rates of hypertension known (46.7% versus 38.1%, respectively), control (13.7% versus 5.0%, respectively), and controlled among treated subjects (38.3% versus 17.5%, respectively) were higher in urban areas than in rural areas, while the treatment rate was not statistically significantly different between urban and rural areas (35.9% versus 28.4%, respectively)
This study identified an increased risk for hypertension in rural regions of Jilin province, suggesting that rural hypertension screening and treatment guidelines should receive greater attention
Summary
According to a recent report by the World Health Organization (WHO), non-communicable diseases account for 70% of all deaths worldwide, equivalent to 40 million fatalities per year [1]. The latest Chinese Cardiovascular Disease Report 2016 [5] indicated that the national prevalence of hypertension in individuals 18 years of age and older was 25.2%, which constitutes a dramatic increase over time compared to historical prevalence of 5.1% in 1959, 7.7% in 1980, 13.6% in 1991, and 17.6% in 2002. The Chinese Residents Nutrition and Chronic Disease Status Report (2015) [6] reported that the prevalence of hypertension among urban residents was 26.8% and among rural residents was 23.5%; the prevalence increased significantly with age for both urban and rural residents. The difference in prevalence of hypertension between urban and rural regions worldwide varies in both magnitude and direction [7,8,9,10,11]. Hypertension is a significant global public health problem and recognized as an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. This study was designed to assess the current prevalence of hypertension and to explore risk factors associated with hypertension by urban and rural status to guide the prevention and control of hypertension in Jilin province
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