Abstract
ObjectivesTo investigate the relationship between the changes in the main components of sleep during the menopausal transition and the postmenopausal period.MethodsA total of 162 patients were included in the study, including 62 patients in the menopausal transition period and 100 patients in the postmenopausal period. The Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) was applied to the patients before polysomnography (PSG). In PSG recordings, the total sleep time, sleep efficiency, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep (%), non-REM (NREM) sleep (%), apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), REM-AHI, NREM-AHI, minimum and mean oxygen saturation, oxygen desaturation time, and oxygen desaturation index (ODI) were recorded.ResultsTotal sleep time (256.4±89.9 vs. 302.8±73.8, p<.03) and sleep efficiency (63.8±16.3 vs 75.6±16.0, p<.005) were significantly decreased in the postmenopausal patient group compared to the menopausal transition group. ODI, desaturation time, and desaturation percentages were significantly higher and minimum oxygen saturation was significantly lower in the postmenopausal group than in the transitional group. While mild obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) rates in the menopausal transition group were significantly higher than in the menopausal group, moderate and severe OSAS rates were significantly higher in the menopausal group.ConclusionChanges in PSG measurements during the menopausal transition and postmenopausal period showed a significant effect of hormonal changes on sleep in women.
Highlights
Sleep is an evolutionarily conserved behavioral process in many organisms and mammals, characterized by a decreased response in the cerebral cortex and muscle tone to external stimuli
Total sleep time (256.4±89.9 vs. 302.8±73.8, p
While mild obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) rates in the menopausal transition group were significantly higher than in the menopausal group, moderate and severe OSAS rates were significantly higher in the menopausal group
Summary
Sleep is an evolutionarily conserved behavioral process in many organisms and mammals, characterized by a decreased response in the cerebral cortex and muscle tone to external stimuli. Sleep pattern, and duration vary between species, both brain and body cells are subjected to a restorative process during sleep, ensuring that the organism is in a healthy physiological and immunological functioning state [1] For this reason, disturbances in the quality and duration of sleep may lead to the emergence of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, as well as neurological and neurodegenerative diseases [2]. Disturbances in the quality and duration of sleep may lead to the emergence of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, as well as neurological and neurodegenerative diseases [2] Both the menopausal transition and postmenopausal periods are periods in which sleep and sleepdisordered breathing problems are most common in women's lives. Menopause is a process characterized by the last menstrual period between the ages of 40 and 59, which is a normal result of physiological aging due to the depletion of
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