Differences in LGBTQ young people’s mental health, wellbeing, and community involvement by residential location

Abstract

ABSTRACT Residential location can significantly impact the mental health, wellbeing, and community involvement of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ) young people. While research has explored geographical differences in LGBTQ adult wellbeing, limited knowledge exists regarding LGBTQ young people’s experiences. Using a large Australian cross-sectional survey of 6,620 LGBTQ individuals aged 14–21, this study examined the associations between residential location and wellbeing outcomes. Findings revealed that LGBTQ young people in rural and remote areas reported higher levels of psychological distress. Cisgender young people in rural areas experienced more verbal and physical harassment, while those in inner-suburban areas faced increased sexual harassment. Participants were also particularly vulnerable to experiencing homelessness when living in regional towns and rural and remote areas. Trans young people were more likely to attend LGBTQ events in inner-suburban areas. These results emphasize the need for policy changes to foster diversity and inclusion in rural areas, along with targeted support services to enhance the mental health and wellbeing of LGBTQ young people. Understanding the unique experiences of LGBTQ young people across different residential locations is vital, calling for tailored interventions and support in all settings.