Differences in distribution of MLS antibiotics resistance genes in clinical isolates of staphylococci belonging to species: S. epidermidis, S. hominis, S. haemolyticus, S. simulans and S. warneri

Magdalena Szemraj,Tomasz Czekaj,Eligia M Szewczyk,Jacek Kalisz

doi:10.1186/s12866-019-1496-5

Magdalena Szemraj, Tomasz Czekaj + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-019-1496-5

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Journal: BMC Microbiology	Publication Date: Jun 10, 2019
Citations: 16	License type: open-access

Affiliation: Medical University of Lodz

Abstract

BackgroundMacrolides and lincosamides are two leading types of antibiotics commonly used in therapies. The study examines the differences in resistance to these antibiotics and their molecular bases in S. epidermidis as well as in rarely isolated species of coagulase-negative staphylococci such as S. hominis, S. haemolyticus, S. warneri and S. simulans. The isolates were tested for the presence of the erm(A), erm(B), erm(C), lnu(A), msr(A), msr(B), mph(C), ere(A) and ere(B) genes. Phenotypic resistance to methicillin and mecA presence were also determined.ResultsThe MLSB resistance mechanism was phenotypically found in isolates of species included in the study. The most prevalent MLSB resistance mechanism was observed in S. hominis, S. haemolyticus and S. epidermidis isolates mainly of the MLSB resistance constitutive type. Macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin B resistance genes were rarely detected in isolates individually. The erm(B), ere(A) and ere(B) genes were not found in any of the strains. The erm(A) gene was determined only in four strains of S. epidermidis and S. hominis while lnu(A) was seen in eight strains (mainly in S. hominis). The erm(C) gene was present in most of S. epidermidis strains and predominant in S. hominis and S. simulans isolates. The examined species clearly differed between one another in the repertoire of accumulated genes.ConclusionsThe presence of genes encoding the MLSB resistance among CoNS strains demonstrates these genes’ widespread prevalence and accumulation in opportunistic pathogens that might become gene reservoir for bacteria with superior pathogenic potential.

Highlights

Macrolides and lincosamides are two leading types of antibiotics commonly used in therapies
The strains were added to the collection of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Microbiological Diagnostics Department, Medical University of Łódź and belonged to the following species: S. epidermidis, S. hominis, S. haemolyticus, S. warneri and S. simulans
While all S. epidermidis and S. hominis strains were obtained from blood samples, the other coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) species derived from a range of clinical specimens including blood, ear swabs, conjunctival sacs, samples from the genitourinary system, abscesses or skin lesions

Summary

Introduction

Macrolides and lincosamides are two leading types of antibiotics commonly used in therapies. The study examines the differences in resistance to these antibiotics and their molecular bases in S. epidermidis as well as in rarely isolated species of coagulase-negative staphylococci such as S. hominis, S. haemolyticus, S. warneri and S. simulans. Macrolides and lincosamides occupy one of the leading positions among antibiotics used in therapy, especially in an outpatient treatment. Their role has substantially increased due to the emergence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci and the fact that they provide an alternative for people allergic to β-lactam antibiotics [19, 20]. The phenotypic expression of resistance genes can either be constitutive or inducible and as a result cause additional therapy limitations [21, 23]

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