Abstract
ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate whether probiotics multi-strain formula affects the development of apical periodontitis (AP) induced in rats.Methodology16 Wistar rats were divided in two groups (n=8): rats with AP fed with regular diet (Control-C (CG)); rats with AP, fed with regular diet and supplemented with multi-strain formula (one billion colony-forming units (CFU)): GNC Probiotic Complex (PCG) ( Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus salivaris, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium animalis subs. lactis and Streptococcus thermofilus ). AP was induced in the upper and lower first molars by dental pulp exposure to the oral environment. PCG was administered orally through gavage for 30 days during the AP development. After this period the animals were euthanized and the mandibles were removed and processed for histologic analysis, and immunochemical assays for interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-1β, RANKL, OPG, and TRAP. The Mann–Whitney U test and Student’s t test were performed (P<.05).ResultsThe CG showed more intense inflammatory infiltrate than the PCG group (P<.05). IL-1β, IL 6 and RANKL decreased in the PCG group compared with CG (P<.05). The IL-10 level increased in the PCG group (P<.05). The OPG level was similar in both groups (P>.05). The number of mature osteoclasts (TRAP-positive multinucleated cells) was lower in PCG group when compared to the CG (P<.05).ConclusionProbiotic Complex modulates inflammation and bone resorption in apical periodontitis.
Highlights
Despite recent modernization and mechanization in endodontic therapy, conventional treatments for periaptical periodontitis still demand new adjunctive therapies
The median scores assigned to the CG group were significantly more severe than those in the probiotics formula group (PCG) group (P
The levels of IL-1β, IL 6 and RANKL were significantly decreased in the PCG group compared with those in the CG group
Summary
Despite recent modernization and mechanization in endodontic therapy, conventional treatments for periaptical periodontitis still demand new adjunctive therapies. The concept of probiotics use in addressing endodontic disease is new and has not been studied adequately.. Several studies assessing the effects of probiotics on periodontal disease showed encouraging results regarding the properties of these beneficial strains.. This group presented a decrease in probing pocket depth and a clinical attachment gain significantly higher than the control group.. The probiotic group displayed lower proinflammatory cytokine levels when compared to the control group, proving that this supplementation promotes additional clinical, microbiological, and immunological benefits in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.. A preliminary study indicated that probiotic organisms of the species Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium are effective for preventing the growth of E. faecalis and C. albicans in vitro. This group presented a decrease in probing pocket depth and a clinical attachment gain significantly higher than the control group. the probiotic group displayed lower proinflammatory cytokine levels when compared to the control group, proving that this supplementation promotes additional clinical, microbiological, and immunological benefits in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. In endodontics, a preliminary study indicated that probiotic organisms of the species Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium are effective for preventing the growth of E. faecalis and C. albicans in vitro.
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