Dietary quality indices modify the effects of apolipoprotein B polymorphisms on biochemical and anthropometric factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Elmira Karimi,Gity Sotoudeh,Fariba Koohdani,Masoumeh Rafiee

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-01884-1

Abstract

We tried to identify the interaction between dietary quality indices and apolipoprotein B Ins/Del and EcoR1 polymorphisms on biochemical and anthropometric factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This cross-sectional study recruited 700 adults with T2DM in Tehran. The genotypes of Ins/Del and EcoR1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were explored via polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Dietary quality index-international (DQI-I), healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015) and dietary phytochemical index (DPI) were calculated by semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). In both crude and adjusted model for confounding factors, we observed significant interactions between DQI-I and Ins/Del SNP on leptin in and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2 α (8-iso-PGF2α), DPI and EcoR1 SNP on total cholesterol (TC) and between Ins/Del SNP and HEI-2015 on interleukin-18 (IL-18). Furthermore, in crude model there were close to meaningful interactions between EcoR1 SNP and DQI-I on total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and between EcoR1 SNP and HEI-2015 on serum leptin and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Our finding indicated that the association between DQI-I, HEI-2015 and DPI with IL-18, TC, leptin and 8-iso-PGF2α in patients with T2DM might be dependent on Ins/Del and EcoR1 variants in ApoB gene.

Highlights

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a pandemic disease associated to insulin resistance, beta-cell dysfunction and hyperglycemia[1]
For instance it has been demonstrated that, in people carrying Del allele in Apo-lipoprotein B (Apo B) Ins/Del single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), there is a higher probability of elevated blood low density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) compared to subjects with Ins/Ins genotype
In this study, using Iranian subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), we aimed to evaluate if scores of Dietary quality index-international (DQI-I), HEI-2015 and dietary phytochemical index (DPI) modifies associations of biochemical and anthropometric factors and Apo B ECOR1 and Ins/Del SNPs

Summary

Introduction

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a pandemic disease associated to insulin resistance, beta-cell dysfunction and hyperglycemia[1]. There has been high evidence by far for the Apo B ECOR1 and Ins/Del variants in the Apo B gene, with the E- and Del alleles being probably linked to increasing T2DM risk factors[17,18]. These SNPs have been indicated to modify associations to dietary components intakes for T2DM -related phenotypes. There have been significantly low nutrigenetics studies on the interaction between dietary patterns and ECOR1 and Ins/Del SNPs with regard to biochemical and anthropometric markers

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