Dietary protection by Tapinanthus globiferus (Mistletoe) leaf extract against prontosil-induced clastogenicity in mice in vivo

Tugbobo Oladimeji S Tugbobo Oladimeji S,Oyewusi Habeebat A Oyewusi Habeebat A,Akinyede Kolajo A Akinyede Kolajo A,Awonegan Paul A Awonegan Paul A,Abegunde Segun M Abegunde Segun M

doi:10.30574/gscbps.2020.10.3.0067

Tugbobo Oladimeji S Tugbobo Oladimeji S, Oyewusi Habeebat A Oyewusi Habeebat A + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2020.10.3.0067

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Abstract

Mistotoe (Tapinanthus globiferus) as freshly prepared leaf extract was administered at variable concentration (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) per body weight as dietary supplement to laboratory albino mice via oral gavage for two weeks consecutively. The mice were also simultaneously administered 1.5 mg/kg pesticide precursor (Prontosil). 24 hours after the last day, the mice were sacrificed and chromosome preparations were made from the bone marrow cells. The end-points studied were polychromatic erythrocytes and damage cells. The results indicated that the clastogenicity in the mice fed with Tapinanthus globiferus leaf extract reduced significantly (P<0.05) compared to those fed with prontosil only. The marked reduction of clastogenicity by the extract may be attributed to the interaction with polyphenolic and phytochemical components of the extract.

Highlights

Dietary intervention has been found to be an effective means of reducing cytotoxic effect of chronic exposure to subtoxic doses of heavy metals and toxic allied chemicals mostly used on farmland to control pests [1]
Results from the three sets of experiment (Tables 1, 2 and 3) show the frequency of polychromatic erythrocytes which is an indication of chromosomal aberration induced in bone marrow cells of the mice following oral administration of the pesticides and the plant extract
The frequency of polychromatic erythrocytes in groups A, C and D was lower than group B animals fed with the clastogen alone

Summary

Introduction

Dietary intervention has been found to be an effective means of reducing cytotoxic effect of chronic exposure to subtoxic doses of heavy metals and toxic allied chemicals mostly used on farmland to control pests [1]. National Toxicology Program (NTP) has reported the high propensity of chemical’s ability to induce chromosomal damage because it has been shown that most, if not all cancers is characterized by chromosomal changes [2] Large amount of these chemicals are clastogens and were tested on their ability to cause damage with newly developed short and long term tests which accounts for mutagenicity, clastogenicity and carcinogenicity [3]. Myriad of studies on phytomedicines have been reported that phenolic compounds protect against oxidative stress [4]. Some of these medicinal plants have been investigated for their antioxidative properties and used for treatment of various diseases [5]. Just like commonly employed medicinal plants, Tapinanthus globiferus is grown for the essential oil in its leaves and stems where thymol, eugenol, citral, geraniol and linalool have been extracted [8, 9]

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