Abstract
The evidence about the association between dietary patterns and the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among Chinese adults is limited. In the present study, we analyzed the prospective data of 421,426 participants aged 30–79 years from the China Kadoorie Biobank. Factor analysis with a principal component method was employed to identify dietary patterns. Cox proportional hazard regression models were performed to explore the association between dietary patterns and incident COPD. Two dietary patterns were identified: the traditional northern dietary pattern was characterized by a low intake of rice and a high intake of wheat and other staple foods, while the balanced dietary pattern was characterized by a high intake of fresh fruit and protein-rich foods (soybean, meat, poultry, fish, eggs, and dairy products). During a median follow-up of 11.13 years, 5542 men and 5750 women developed COPD. After adjustments for potential confounders, the balanced dietary pattern was associated with a lower risk of COPD (p for trend <0.001), with a hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.75 (0.67, 0.84) for those in the highest quintile compared with those in the lowest quintile. Such association was modified by sex, smoking status, and adiposity level.
Highlights
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory disease and is often accompanied by other medical conditions, resulting in a poor quality of life [1]
The first pattern was characterized by a high intake of wheat and other staple foods and a low intake of rice, and it was named as the traditional northern dietary pattern
The second pattern was characterized by high consumption of fresh fruit, soybean, meat, poultry, fish or sea food, eggs, and dairy products, and it was called the balanced dietary pattern
Summary
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory disease and is often accompanied by other medical conditions, resulting in a poor quality of life [1]. Diet is one of the modifiable risk factors for COPD. Previous studies have reported the association of dietary patterns and COPD risk [6–10] or lung function [8–12]. Two typical dietary patterns were identified among US health professionals, the “prudent pattern” and the “western pattern”, respectively, that showed an inverse association and positive association between COPD risks [6,7]. A study in the UK population reported that a similar “prudent pattern” was associated with higher lung function and lower COPD prevalence [9]. Evidence from higher-quality studies, such as population-based prospective study and experimental study, is urgently required to verify the relationship of dietary patterns and COPD risk. The present study examined the relationship between dietary patterns and COPD risk among Chinese adults in a large prospective study
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