Dietary patterns and omics: a meeting of 2 paradigm-shifting advances in nutrition science.

Achieving recommended intakes of fruits and vegetables is largely unaffordable for urban households in Port Vila, Vanuatu

Diet is a cornerstone of cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention and treatment efforts. Step I and Step II diets are widely recommended as the first line of CVD intervention.1 At the core of this dietary guidance are the recommendations to decrease saturated fat and cholesterol and to consume more fruits, vegetables, and whole grain products. Information from an extensive database, especially regarding saturated fat, indicates that these diets significantly lower blood cholesterol levels, a major risk factor for CVD. Consequently, it is beyond debate that these diets reduce CVD risk. Since the advent of Step I and Step II diets, nutritionists have sought to develop effective implementation strategies, including identifying dietary patterns that augment the beneficial effects of these diets. Recent findings indicate that we are making impressive progress in attaining these goals. There is provocative evidence from the Lyon Diet Heart Study2 suggesting that a Mediterranean-style, Step I diet (emphasizing more bread, more root vegetables and green vegetables, more fish, less beef, lamb and pork replaced with poultry, no day without fruit, and butter and cream replaced with margarine high in α-linolenic acid) has effects that may be superior to those observed for the usual Step I diet. These findings raise the interesting, but not yet corroborated, question of whether a modified Step I diet (ie, a Mediterranean-style Step I diet) that features a dietary pattern consistent with the new American Heart Association (AHA) Dietary Guidelines may augment the Step I or Step II diets that are presently implemented in clinical practice. Defining a Mediterranean-style diet is challenging given the broad geographical region, including at least 16 countries, that borders the Mediterranean Sea. As would be expected, there are cultural, ethnic, religious, economic, and agricultural production differences that result in different dietary practices in these areas and that …

The <scp>United Nations</scp> Sustainable Development Goals: Aspirational or obtainable?

It is common knowledge that too much or too little food can be harmful to human health. to identify dietary patterns at a global level, obtaining the changes that have occurred in dietary patterns from 1961 to 2018 and finding the correlation with climate change and obesity for each of the 171 countries. non-parametric factor analysis was used to obtain the dietary patterns. The multiple quantile regression method was used to explore the relationship between the patterns found and the prevalence of NCDs in the countries. the non-parametric PA method allowed the identification of dietary patterns at a global level, as well as allowing the visualization of geographical distribution through the maps generated and the determination of the nutritional transition that has occurred since 1961. The multiple quantile regression method made it possible to find the relationship between the patterns obtained and NCDs, as well as making it possible to observe them by percentile, enabling a more individual assessment of how each pattern behaves in each country. the science of nutrition is fundamental to controlling the damage caused by the increase in the rate of obesity, diabetes and other NCDs that are affected and influenced by diet.

Contrasting Effects on Mortality of Monounsaturated Fatty Acid Intake Depending on Vegetable or Animal Sources.

It is common knowledge that too much or too little food can be harmful to human health. Objective: to identify dietary patterns at a global level, obtaining the changes that have occurred in dietary patterns from 1961 to 2018 and finding the correlation with climate change and obesity for each of the 171 countries. Methodology: non-parametric factor analysis was used to obtain the dietary patterns. The multiple quantile regression method was used to explore the relationship between the patterns found and the prevalence of NCDs in the countries. Results: the non-parametric PA method allowed the identification of dietary patterns at a global level, as well as allowing the visualization of geographical distribution through the maps generated and the determination of the nutritional transition that has occurred since 1961. The multiple quantile regression method made it possible to find the relationship between the patterns obtained and NCDs, as well as making it possible to observe them by percentile, enabling a more individual assessment of how each pattern behaves in each country. Conclusion: the science of nutrition is fundamental to controlling the damage caused by the increase in the rate of obesity, diabetes and other NCDs that are affected and influenced by diet.

Chapter 17 - Precision Nutrition and Obesity

The Metabolically Optimized Brain study explored nutritional science believed to be ready to place into practice to help improve US service members' cognitive performance and, thereby, optimize mission-readiness. A transparent, step-wise, research approach was used for informing evidence-based decisions among and for various, diverse stakeholders. A steering committee and subject-matter experts convened to devise the protocol and independent systematic reviews were performed to determine the quality of the evidence for nutritional science in 4 areas relevant to military populations: (1) caffeinated foods and beverages; (2) omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids; (3) plant-based foods and beverages or their phytochemical constituents; and (4) whole dietary patterns. A research expert panel was asked to then recommend future research directions and solutions likely to benefit warfighters. An implementation expert panel further considered how to apply sound nutritional science in a cost-effective manner. This article summarizes the methodological processes, high-level results, global research recommendations, and priorities for implementation. Specific results of the individual dietary interventions, as well as recommendations for moving this field of research and practice forward, are detailed throughout the current supplement.

With the rise of lifestyle-related diseases and the growing emphasis on personalized healthcare, nutrition science is rapidly evolving through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI). Traditional nutrient analysis methods—requiring manual data entry and expert oversight—are often inefficient, time-consuming, and error-prone. This project proposes an AI-powered nutrient analysis system that leverages computer vision, machine learning, and generative AI to automate and personalize dietary recommendations. By analyzing food images, user preferences, and health data, the system can provide real-time insights into nutrient content and dietary patterns. It integrates wearable devices, health records, and food databases to offer adaptive meal planning and predictive nutritional guidance. The architecture combines semantic text analysis with deep nutritional modeling to ensure precision. This system aims to bridge the gap between nutrition science and modern technology, offering a scalable, accurate, and user-centric solution to improve health outcomes and support preventive healthcare through intelligent dietary monitoring. Keywords: AI-powered nutrient analysis, personalized healthcare, preventive healthcare, nutrition science, computer vision, machine learning.

The efficacy of medicinal plants in disease prevention and treatment is influenced by multiple factors, among which dietary patterns play a crucial yet underexplored role. This review investigates the interplay between dietary habits and the pharmacological effectiveness of plant-based medicines. Drawing on ethnobotanical traditions, modern pharmacology, and nutritional science, the study explores how various dietary components—ranging from vitamins and flavonoids to omega-3 fatty acids and dietary fibers—modulate the bioavailability and action of phytochemicals. It highlights mechanisms through which diet affects gut microbiota, metabolic pathways, and inflammation, which in turn influence the therapeutic impact of herbal compounds. Special attention is given to a priori and a posteriori dietary patterns, regional ethnomedical practices, and their influence on plant-based healthcare strategies. The paper calls for an integrative, systems biology approach to fully understand these complex interactions and optimize personalized disease management strategies using dietary and herbal interventions. The findings underline the need for interdisciplinary research, public health strategies, and regulatory frameworks that account for dietary context in herbal medicine use. Keywords: Medicinal plants, Dietary patterns, Phytochemicals, Bioavailability, Herbal efficacy, Chronic disease prevention, Functional foods.

Understanding the Eating Behaviors of Adolescents: Application of Dietary Patterns Methodology to Behavioral Nutrition Research

Providing expert nutrition advice: How do we know what is best?

This article aims to analyze the concept of a health-promoting dietary pattern based on the interpretation of QS. Al-Wāqi‘ah [56]: 20–21 by classical and modern Qur’anic exegetes, alongside perspectives from nutritional health sciences that affirm these interpretations through empirical research. The study employs a thematic approach combined with nutritional science and uses a library research method. The analysis focuses on QS. Al-Wāqi‘ah [56]: 20–21 by examining tafsir sources that offer linguistic explanations of the verses and their relevance to contemporary nutritional discourse, including Tafsīr Mafātīḥ al-Ghayb, Tafsīr al-Munīr, Tafsīr Ma‘ālim al-Tanzīl, and Tafsīr al-Miṣbāḥ. The findings indicate that the interpretations of these verses show meaningful relevance to nutritional health, supported by current scientific studies. In the field of Qur’anic exegesis, the precedence of “fruit” before “meat” in the verse is understood as an indication that fruit is lighter, digests faster, is more easily processed by the body, and can stimulate appetite before the main meal. This interpretation aligns with nutritional science, particularly research from Japan demonstrating that structuring meal order—beginning with vegetables and proteins before carbohydrates—can slow the post-meal rise in blood glucose levels. Thus, the interpretation of this verse can be viewed as offering a practical and beneficial dietary model for maintaining nutritional health.

Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of food in relation to maintenance, growth, health and disease of an organism. The history of nutrition science and dietetics can be traced back as far as history of civilization across the world. The food habits, cooking and food processing have been evolved with cultural development of human beings. The ancient physicians from Greek, Hippocrates, Galen, Plato, Chinese civilization and Indian physician of Ayurveda like Charak and Sushruta have duly recognized the importance of diet and dietetics along with physical activity in health and management of various disorders.Although the advancement in nutrition science has added the discovery of various micronutrients and fortified food substances, still a large number of populations worldwide is suffering from disorders of malnutrition, food-borne diseases, neurotoxins and other non-communicable diseases due to wrong cooking, storage, packaging practices and intake of food in wrong combination. Ayurveda has advocated that to get the optimum benefits from the consumed food (Aahara), people should give due consideration to their psychosomatic constitution (Prakriti), state of digestive power (Agni), age, dietary rules, nature and combination of food etc.It is very surprising fact that scientific development of nutrition science was started in between 18th and 19th century, but the researchers and academicians working in the field of nutrition and medicinal health science have not incorporated the valuable, time tested knowledge of Ayurveda, which could be applied for development of nutrition science, and will be helpful in treatment of diseases and maintenance of health too.

Animal nutrition plays a crucial role in the health, well-being, and productivity of livestock and companion animals. As advancements in science and technology continue to reshape the field of animal nutrition, veterinary professionals are at the forefront of translating research findings into practical solutions for optimizing animal health and performance. This journal article provides a comprehensive overview of recent developments and emerging trends in animal nutrition, with a focus on veterinary perspectives. Drawing upon a synthesis of recent studies and industry developments, this paper explores novel dietary approaches, innovative feed additives, and advancements in nutritional science that are transforming the way we feed and care for animals. From precision nutrition and personalized feeding regimens to the use of alternative protein sources and sustainable feed production methods, the article delves into the diverse strategies being employed to address the nutritional needs of a wide range of animal species, the paper examines the role of veterinary professionals in navigating the complexities of animal nutrition and promoting optimal health outcomes for their patients. By staying abreast of the latest research findings and leveraging their expertise in clinical practice, veterinarians play a vital role in formulating customized nutritional plans, managing dietary-related health conditions, and promoting responsible feeding practices among animal owners. Through a critical analysis of key challenges and opportunities, this study aims to inform veterinary practitioners, researchers, and industry stakeholders about the current state of the art in animal nutrition and stimulate further interdisciplinary collaboration and innovation in this rapidly evolving field. By embracing new technologies, advancing scientific knowledge, and prioritizing animal welfare, the veterinary community can continue to drive positive change and improve the nutritional well-being of animals worldwide.