Dietary Habits Had No Relationship with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Analysis Utilizing Quantitative Data about Dietary Intakes.

Keiko Asakura,Shigeru Soshi,Takashi Tsuji,Katsumi Abe,Morio Matsumoto,Masamichi Takahashi,Takehiro Michikawa,Masashi Takaso,Kota Watanabe,Eijiro Okada,Shohei Minami,Yuji Nishiwaki

doi:10.3390/nu11102327

Abstract

Although several genetic and environmental factors have been identified as risk factors of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), the influence of dietary intake has not been elucidated. We evaluated the association between AIS and dietary habits among female students. Junior high school girls aged 12 to 15 years in the Tokyo metropolitan area who underwent a second school screening for scoliosis were recruited. AIS was diagnosed by orthopedic surgeons specializing in scoliosis, using standing whole spine radiography. Students with a Cobb angle of ≥15° were classified into the AIS group, and others were considered healthy controls. Dietary assessment was performed using a validated diet history questionnaire. Dietary intakes were categorized into quintiles based on distribution, and crude and multivariable odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for AIS for each quintile category of dietary variable were calculated, with the lowest quintile category used as a reference. In total, 2431 subjects were included in the analysis, and 47.8% of them were diagnosed with AIS. None of the selected nutrients or food groups was significantly associated with AIS. In conclusion, dietary habits may not be associated with AIS.

Highlights

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional deformity of the spine, defined as a lateral curvature of the spine in the coronal plane, which develops in children aged >10 years without known causes [1]
We categorized dietary intakes into quintiles based on distribution, and calculated crude and multivariable Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) for each quintile category of dietary variable, with the lowest quintile category used as a reference
None of the selected nutrients, including calcium and vitamin D, was significantly associated with AIS

Summary

Introduction

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional deformity of the spine, defined as a lateral curvature of the spine in the coronal plane, which develops in children aged >10 years without known causes [1]. Nutrients 2019, 11, 2327 factors of AIS [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12] Given this multifactorial background, a full understanding of the factors associated with AIS requires further evaluation. The influence of dietary intake has not been elucidated. The high AIS concordance rate in monozygotic twins implies the importance of genetic background [2,3,4,5,6], but other studies have indicated that onset is influenced by environmental factors such as participation in sport activities [7,8,9,10,11,12]. No epidemiological study has yet investigated the influence of dietary factors on AIS. Some studies reported that bone mineral density in AIS patients was low, and that low calcium intake and vitamin D receptor polymorphism were related with low bone mass in AIS patients [13,14,15]

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion