Abstract
The association between dietary fat intake and bladder cancer had been inconsistent in the previous epidemiological studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the difference between fat intake and bladder cancer risk. Databases of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched for suitable studies from inception to June 2018. A meta-analysis was performed to analyze the efficacy of dietary fat intake on bladder cancer risk. A Forest plot was prepared to indicate the relationship. Ten citations were used in this study. The Funnel plot suggested highest category of dietary fat intake could increase the risk of bladder cancer (summarized relative risk (RR)= 1.279, 95% confidence interval (CI)= 1.036-1.577, I2= 53.2%, P for heterogeneity = 0.019). A positive association was found among European populations (summarized RR= 1.359, 95%CI= 1.027-1.798), but not in North American populations. The association was not significant in the subgroup analysis by fat type on bladder cancer risk. Egger test (P= 0.239) and Funnel plot showed there was no significant publication bias in the included publications. In conclusions, compared with the lowest category of dietary fat intake, the highest category could significantly increase the bladder cancer risk, especially among European populations. As some limitations existed in our analysis, large scale studies with detailed amount of dietary fat intake are needed to verify our results.
Highlights
Bladder cancer, which is one of the most common malignant tumors of the urinary system, accounted for 90%-95% of all urothelial cancers [1]
A meta-analysis was performed to analyze the efficacy of dietary fat intake on bladder cancer risk
The Funnel plot suggested highest category of dietary fat intake could increase the risk of bladder cancer (summarized relative risk (RR)= 1.279, 95% confidence interval (CI)= 1.036-1.577, I2= 53.2%, P for heterogeneity = 0.019)
Summary
Bladder cancer, which is one of the most common malignant tumors of the urinary system, accounted for 90%-95% of all urothelial cancers [1]. It was estimated that there were 430,000 new cases and 165,000 bladder cancer deaths in 2012 [2]. Risk factors such as genetic factors [3, 4], secondhand smoking [5], diabetes mellitus [6], vitamin A [7], fruits and vegetables [8] and so on had been well documented. No consistent results were found in the publications This meta-analysis was conducted to obtain a compendium of the current understanding of dietary fat intake and bladder cancer risk
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