Abstract
Diacylglycerol (DG) comprises up to approximately 10% of various edible oils. In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary DG consisting mainly of 1,3-species on body weight, body fat accumulation, and mRNA levels of various genes involved in energy homeostasis in obesity-prone C57BL/6J mice. Five-month feeding with the high triacylglycerol (TG) diet (30% TG + 13% sucrose) resulted in significant increases in body weight, visceral fat accumulation, and circulating insulin and leptin levels compared with mice fed the control diet (5% TG). Compared with mice fed the high TG diet, body weight gain and visceral fat weight were reduced by 70% and 79%, respectively, in those fed the high DG diet (30% DG + 13% sucrose). In addition, circulating leptin and insulin levels were reduced to the respective control levels. Compared with high TG feeding, high DG feeding suppressed the elevation of leptin mRNA expression in adipose tissue, and upregulated acyl-coenzyme (Co)A oxidase and acyl-CoA synthase mRNA expression in the liver. These results indicate that dietary DG is beneficial for suppression of high fat diet-induced body fat accumulation. Furthermore, it is suggested that structural differences in DG and TG, but not the composition of fatty acid, markedly affect nutritional behavior of lipids. —Murase, T., T. Mizuno, T. Omachi, K. Onizawa, Y. Komine, H. Kondo, T. Hase, and I. Tokimitsu. Dietary diacylglycerol suppresses high fat and high sucrose diet-induced body fat accumulation in C57BL/6J mice.
Highlights
NEFA, nonesterified fatty acids. a Mice were killed after 5 months of feeding with each diet, and final body weight was determined. b The feed efficiency was calculated as follows: [body weight gain per cage (g)]/[kcal of food consumed per cage per day]. c On the final day of experiments, blood was collected after 12 h of food deprivation. d P Ͻ 0.05 as compared with controls. e P Ͻ 0.01 as compared with controls. f P Ͻ 0.01 as compared with High TG group
To gain insight into the regulation of genes involved in obesity, lipid metabolism, and energy expenditure by dietary DG, we analyzed various mRNA levels in white adipose tissue (WAT) and the liver by semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
In accordance with the previous report [39] that DG feeding up-regulated acyl-coenzyme (Co)A oxidase (ACO) activity in the liver, ACO and acyl-coA synthase (ACS) mRNA levels were significantly increased in mice fed the high DG diet compared with those mice fed the high TG diet (Fig. 5)
Summary
Diacylglycerol (DG) comprises up to approximately 10% of various edible oils. In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary DG consisting mainly of 1,3-species on body weight, body fat accumulation, and mRNA levels of various genes involved in energy homeostasis in obesity-prone C57BL/6J mice. Five-month feeding with the high triacylglycerol (TG) diet (30% TG ؉ 13% sucrose) resulted in significant increases in body weight, visceral fat accumulation, and circulating insulin and leptin levels compared with mice fed the control diet (5% TG). Nagao et al [20] reported that dietary DG, in contrast to TG, decreased both body weight and visceral fat mass, as determined by semiquantitative analysis using computed tomography in healthy men These effects of dietary DG are probably caused by the different metabolic fates due to the different structures of the lipids because fatty acid compositions of DG and TG used in these studies were adjusted to be approximately equivalent
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