Abstract
An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on growth performance, immune response, and disease resistance for juvenile whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Five isonitrogenous diets were formulated by supplementing 0 (CON), 50 (GABA50), 100 (GABA100), and 300 (GABA300) mg of GABA and 4 g of oxytetracycline (OTC) per kilogram of diet. A total of 225 juvenile whiteleg shrimp with an initial weight of 2.97 ± 0.06 g were randomly distributed and reared in 15 aquaria as triplicates. After 8 weeks of the feeding trial, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed efficiency, and protein efficiency ratio of shrimp fed GABA100 were significantly higher than those of shrimp fed CON, GABA50, and GABA300 diets ( P < 0.05 ). However, there were no significant differences among shrimp fed CON, GABA50, GABA300, and OTC diets ( P > 0.05 ). After nine days of challenge test with Vibrio alginolyticus, the average cumulative survival rate of shrimp fed GABA50, GABA100, and OTC was significantly higher than that of shrimp fed GABA300 and CON diets ( P < 0.05 ). These results may suggest that 100 mg dietary GABA supplementation (including endogenous GABA, 175.6 mg/kg diet) per kilogram of diet could be the optimum dietary level to replace antibiotics and improve growth performance and disease resistance in whiteleg shrimp L. vannamei.
Highlights
Shrimp production is important to global aquaculture growth, and it is the most traded aquaculture product [1]
The findings show that shrimp fed GABA100 had significantly higher final body weight, weight gain, feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, and specific growth rate in comparison to shrimp fed CON, GABA50, and GABA300 diets (P < 0:05)
This study evaluated the effects of different dosages of dietary GABA on growth, survival, whole-body proximate composition, hematology, nonspecific immune responses, and disease resistance of juvenile L. vannamei reared under laboratory conditions
Summary
Shrimp production is important to global aquaculture growth, and it is the most traded aquaculture product [1]. Litopenaeus vannamei, is the most abundantly raised shrimp contributing to 83% of global shrimp aquaculture production, of which the majority (82%) is produced in Asian countries [2]. This shrimp species is quite resilient to variations in culture salinity and can be raised in both inland and marine water environments. The last ten years has seen an increase of over 51% in L. vannamei production This rapid growth, in addition to the aforementioned reasons, can largely be attributed to their superior growth rate and survival in high-density cultures, low protein requirements, and ability to successfully spawn in commercial hatcheries [3–6]
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