Abstract
The biological activity of Gladiolus dalenii van Geel (Iridaceae) corms (used in ethnomedicine) and leaves were evaluated in a few systems. A profile of acute toxicity in rats was compiled and it was found that both corms and leaves contained cytotoxic substances affecting mitotic active tissue. Acute deaths resulted from congestive heart failure. The toxicity of a fraction (coded as GDI) isolated from corms was qualitatively similar to that of corms and leaves. Estimated minimum lethal doses, given in mg/kg body weight, lie in the range 10-31 (i.p.) and 3 160 - 5 620 (p.o.) for corms, 100-316 (i.p.) and > 1 780 (p.o.) for leaves and 1-3 (i.p.) and > 1 000 (p.o.) for fraction GDI. Intact plant material showed no activity against a series of microbes. Fraction GDI was active against Candida albicans. Phototoxicity was not detected.
Highlights
The biological activity o f Gladiolus dalenii van Geel (Iridaceae) corms and leaves were evaluated in afe w systems
G. dalenii is ’n inheemse bolplant wat voorkom in die Transvaal, Oranje-Vrystaat, Swaziland, Natal, Lesotho, en die Oos-Kaap.^ Sinonieme vir die plant is G. cooperi Bak, G. dracocephalus Hook, f., G. natalensis (Eckl.) Hook, f., G. pageae L
Sommige saponiene is toksies vir aktief verdelende selle soos neoplasm as'’"* en ’n aantal veroorsaak hemolise soos wat met die in viVra-metode aangetoon is
Summary
Gladiolus dalenii van Geel (Iridaceae) is ondersoek as deel van die evaluering van die flora van Suid-Afrika met betrekking tot biologiese aktiwiteit en samestelling van sekondêre metaboliete. G. dalenii is ’n inheemse bolplant wat voorkom in die Transvaal, Oranje-Vrystaat, Swaziland, Natal, Lesotho, en die Oos-Kaap.^ Sinonieme vir die plant is G. cooperi Bak, G. dracocephalus Hook, f., G. natalensis (Eckl.) Hook, f., G. pageae L. G. dalenii en ander Gladiolus spesies inheems aan Suid-Afrika word oraal en as enemas deur die Sotho’s en Zoeloes toegedien teen kwale soos buikloop, verkoue en dismenoree.’ *. Hierdie ondersoek behels die vergelyking van verskillende plantdele van ’n spesie met betrekking tot primêre biologiese aktiwiteit. Knolle en blare versamel na die blom seisoen, is gevries met vloeibare stikstof (-187 °C) en in ’n vrieskas (-25 °C) bewaar tot met gebruik
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