DIATOMITES AND LIGNINS AS MYCOTOXIN ADSORBENTS

Abstract

Currently, there is a tendency to deepen the mycotoxin problem, which is associated with the global warming and environmental pollution. The results of a study of the sorption capacity of adsorbents samples based on natural materials diatomites and lignins in relation to mycotoxin T-2 are presented. The chemical composition of diatomites of the Inzensk deposit before and after modification is given and the parameters of the surface-porous structure of the samples are established. The isotherms of adsorption and desorption of nitrogen on the surface of diatomites were studied and for the first time it was shown that they belong to the type IV(a) acording to IUPAC classification. The distribution of pores by size was studied and it was established that a significant proportion of the pore space of diatomites are mesopores with an average width of 7–12 nm. The highest adsorption rates of mycotoxin T-2 were established for a diatomite sample subjected to acid modification. Data on the adsorption of mycotoxin T-2 by samples of lignins isolated from the wood of birch Betula verrucosa, stems of rye Secale sp. and cabbage Brassica oleracea are given. The results of the determination of functional groups, elemental and monomeric composition of lignins are presented. It has been established that the adsorption capacity of drugs depends mainly on the peculiarities of the chemical structure of the studied samples. The highest adsorption rates of mycotoxin T-2 are established for lignin isolated from cabbage stems. Comparison of mycotoxin T-2 adsorption, surface porous structure parameters and chemical structure of various samples leads to the conclusion that for both diatomites and lignins, the chemisorption process plays the most important role.