Abstract
This is a numerical and experimental study on shock attenuation in shock tubes. Tube geometry, boundary layer, and reduction in cross-sectional area induced by burst diaphragms are often considered the main causes of shock speed reduction (or shock attenuation) observed during the experiments. In order to distinguish how each single phenomenon contributes toward shock attenuation, the National Cheng Kung University shock tube is simulated for driver and test (driver–test) gas pairs involving air–air and He–air. For low pressure ratios, the diaphragm effect was found to be negligible. For a pressure ratio of 200 and helium as driver gas, the shock speed was found to decrease linearly with the size of the diaphragm orifice. In general, wall viscous effects caused a 2.5% decrease in shock speed, while an additional 7% reduction was caused by the presence of the diaphragm. The gradual opening of the diaphragm mainly contributed to a decrease in shock oscillations.
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