Abstract
The objective of this study was to obtain homogeneous groups of species and information on their density, dominance and volume, in terms of ecological group and diameter structure of an area of Submontane Semideciduous forest (Mata do Mumbaça) in Dionísio, MG. This work was conducted with data of the diameter distribution per species from floristic and phytosociological (Mata do Mumbaça) survey of 120 plots with 10 x 10 m each one. The 120 plots were contiguous and corresponding to a total sample area of 12,000 m² distributed over the topographic units (Low Ramp, Lower Slope, Upper Slope and Hill Top). The topographic units Low Ramp, Lower Slope and Upper Slope were in the middle stage of succession as they presented incipient stratification into two strata (canopy and understory) i.e. canopy ranging from 5 to 12 m high. However, the stratum Hill Top was classified as intermediate/advanced succession because it had a total height equal to or greater than 12 m. The distribution of individual trees of the four strata on diameter classes showed a typical J-inverted pattern that is, high concentration of individuals in smaller diameter classes and a sharp reduction towards the larger classes. In relation to absolute dominance and total volume of species, the ecological group that stood out in the four strata (Low Ramp, Lower Slope, Upper Slope and Hill Top) was the initial secondary, which were in the intermediate stage of secondary, rapidly developing into the mature phase.
Highlights
Lower Slope and Upper Slope were in the middle stage of succession as they presented incipient stratification into two strata i.e. canopy ranging from 5 to 12 m high
In relation to absolute dominance and total volume of species, the ecological group that stood out in the four strata (Low Ramp, Lower Slope, Upper Slope and Hill Top) was the initial secondary, which were in the intermediate stage of secondary, rapidly developing into the mature phase
Foram amostradas nos respectivos estratos espécies indicadoras em Floresta Estacional Semidecidual, como Anona cacans, Amaioua guianensis, Apuleia leiocarpa, Copaifera langsdorfii, Dalbergia nigra, Nectandra oppositifolia, Pseudopiptadenia contorta, Machaerium spp. e Myrcia spp., entre outras, que caracterizam os gradientes em estágio médio em transição para o estágio avançado de sucessão
Summary
O entendimento da dinâmica de uma floresta depende de diversas informações fundamentais, sobretudo de dados de crescimento e incrementos em diâmetro, altura, área basal, volume e peso em determinado intervalo de tempo. As características mais marcantes das florestas naturais inequiâneas são as multiplicidades de espécies arbóreas, classes de diâmetro, idades, características ecofisiológicas e taxas de crescimento e produção. Informações sobre a estrutura diamétrica das florestas naturais multiâneas são sumamente importantes, posto que se constituem de indivíduos pertencentes a diferentes espécies, idades, classes de diâmetro, condições ecofisiológicas diversas e apresentam elevada biodiversidade (SOUZA; JESUS, 1994). Uma vez que a variável idade é de difícil obtenção, além de mostrar um valor relativo, em virtude da ampla diversidade de espécies, das classes de tamanho e das características ecofisiológicas, o manejo para a produção sustentável dessas florestas é organizado pela composição florística, pela distribuição diamétrica e pela distribuição volumétrica, sendo esses parâmetros altamente correlacionados entre si e com o ciclo de corte (SOUZA; LEITE, 1993; SOUZA; JESUS, 1994).
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