Diallel Analysis of Early Leaf Spot (Cercospora arachidicola Hori) Disease Resistance in Groundnut.

Philippe Sankara,Mahamadou Sawadogo,Adama Zongo,Abdourasmane K. Konate,Kadidia Koïta,Haile Desmae,Bonny R. Ntare

doi:10.3390/agronomy9010015

Abstract

Early leaf spot (ELS) is one of the major biotic constraints of groundnut production in West and Central Africa. A study using 6 × 6 F2 full diallel populations from six parents (NAMA, B188, PC79-79, QH243C, TS32-1, and CN94C) was conducted to assess the mode of inheritance of ELS resistance traits. The F2 and parents were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data was collected on ELS disease severity, and an area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) was estimated. The results revealed that additive and non-additive gene actions were involved in the inheritance of the ELS resistance traits, but additive gene action was predominant. Significant reciprocal cross effect was observed, suggesting cytoplasmic effect on ELS resistance. Graphical analysis also revealed the predominance of additive gene action for ELS resistance. The results suggest that early generation selection should be effective for ELS resistance. Looking at the distribution of array points along with the regression line, parental lines NAMA, PC79-79, and B188 would be suitable as good donors in an ELS disease resistance breeding program.

Highlights

Groundnut or peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oilseed crop in the world
The results showed highly significant differences (p < 0.01) for the general combining ability (GCA) and a reciprocal effect for the Early leaf spot (ELS) severity score and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC), while specific combining ability (SCA) mean squares were significant for the ELS severity score and not significant for the AUDPC
The results suggest that both additive and non-additive gene effects are involved in the expression of ELS disease resistance in groundnut

Summary

Introduction

Groundnut or peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oilseed crop in the world. It is a key crop for small farmers, especially in Africa and Asia, cultivated for its oil and food value.It contains about 45–56% of high quality edible oil, 25–30% protein, 20% carbohydrate, and is a rich source of dietary fiber, minerals, and vitamins E and B [1,2]. Groundnut or peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oilseed crop in the world. It is a key crop for small farmers, especially in Africa and Asia, cultivated for its oil and food value. It contains about 45–56% of high quality edible oil, 25–30% protein, 20% carbohydrate, and is a rich source of dietary fiber, minerals, and vitamins E and B [1,2]. In 2016, the global groundnut production was about 44 million (M) tons from an area covering about 27.7 M hectares.

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