Dialectal phraseological units of the Yakut language: structure and semantics

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The article describes dialectal phraseological units (DFU) as an integral part of the Yakut language lexicon. Dialect phraseology has remained a "blank spot" in the study of the dialectology of the Yakut language. Currently, there is a need to collect DFU and systematise them. The relevance of the work is explained by the need for a systematic study of dialectal phraseological units of the Yakut language in the aspect of studying the structure and semantic references. An integrated method is used to solve the tasks set in the work. The selection of DFU from lexicographic sources was carried out by the method of continuous sampling and semantic identification; a descriptive method with methods of systematics, observation, generalisation was used; component analysis based on the establishment of integral and differential features in comparison of one unit with another. The purpose of the study is a linguistic description of the structure and semantics of dialectal phraseological units of the Yakut language. The objectives of the work include: to review the current state of the study of DFU; to give a lexical and grammatical characteristic of DFU and systematise them into semantic and thematic groups; to establish relations between dialectal and literary phraseological units; to outline the most important aspects of its study. The analysis showed that, according to the grammatical structure, DFU, like literary FU, are created according to models of free phrases and sentences. There are substantive, adjectival, adverbial, verbal, quantitative, interjective FU. These categories of phraseological units, being nominative units, call this or that phenomenon of reality, the realities of everyday life, relevant to the dialect speaker. Semantic-thematic groups cover various aspects of the speaker's activity, describing a person, his actions, deeds, lifestyle, attitude to other people, work, etc. The connections and relationships between dialectal and literary phraseological units are manifested in variation, synonymy, as well as in the relationship between the meanings of polysemous FU. The dialectal FU reflects the way of life of the inhabitants of the region, their perception of the world, and mentality.