Diagnostik der akuten Appendizitis im Verlauf von 2 Jahrzehnten – Auswirkungen der bildgebenden Verfahren auf präoperative Diagnosesicherung, Kosten und Patientenoutcome

Abstract

An increasing number of modern imaging procedures are being applied for the diagnosis of appendicitis. We compared one hundred consecutive appendectomies of the years 1988, 1998 and 2008 concerning reliability of preoperative diagnosis and resulting costs. We analysed the first one hundred consecutive patients undergoing appendectomy during the years 1988, 1998 and 2008, 59 % were female and 41 % male. The average age was 26 years, the average BMI 21.09. The costs and results of radiological investigations (US, CT, MRI, X-ray) have been compared in all patients. The sensitivity of ultrasound and CT scan in preoperative diagnosis has been analysed. The number of preoperative imaging procedures for the diagnosis of appendicitis has increased over the last two decades. Simultaneously increased the costs (total costs and costs per partient) for imaging procedures. 2008 the costs were 10 times higher than 1988. CT had a higher sensitivity (77 %) in the diagnosis of appendicitis than ultrasound (33 %). The number of operations because of subacute and chronic appendicitis was lower in 2008 (34 of 100) compared with 1988 (80 of 100) and 1998 (60 of 100). In 2008 (14) we found a higher number of gangrenous and perforated appendicitis compared to 1988 (2) and 1998 (5). The majority (50 of 100) of patients in the group with acute and phlegmonous appendicitis was found in 2008. There has been an increase in the use of preoperative imaging procedures in the diagnosis of appendicitis during the last 20 years. This causes more costs in the public health system. Ultrasound as the standard imaging method for diagnosing appendicitis showed poor sensitivity. CT scans had good results concerning sensitivity, but are expensive and involve exposure to radiation for the patient.