Abstract
Characteristic changes in the stress-strain state of the material in the region in front of the propagating brittle crack in samples of steels and cast irons of machines and constructions by X-ray diffractometry was established. The angular displacements of the peak and the change in other characteristics of the profile of the diffraction lines reflected from the elastically deformed regions of the material are stably fixed. The characteristics of the diffraction lines profiles reflected from the samples surface of steels and cast irons of different chemical composition differ qualitatively and indicate the instrumentally determined influence of the substructure of steels and cast irons on the processes of their resistance to nucleation and propagation of cracks. The efficiency of using the X-ray strain measurement method for nondestructive testing of the stress concentration region to determine the bearing capacity and the residual life of constructions was experimentally established.
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