Diagnostic informativeness of biopsy for chronic kidney disease in cats

Abstract

The biopsy is a diagnostic method that allows in vivo sampling of kidney tissue material for histopathological examination to identify structural changes in the organ. The study aims to study the informativeness of intravital diagnosis of stage II chronic kidney disease (according to IRIS) in cats based on the results of histological and histochemical studies of biopsies. A kidney biopsy was performed on two cats aged 6 and 8 years. Research methods: histological (hematoxylin and eosin, Heidenhain test) and histochemical (PAS reaction, Gomori (PAMS)). The diagnosis of chronic kidney disease was made based on history, clinical symptoms, and blood and urine test results. Based on the biopsy, acute extracapillary serous-desquamative glomerulonephritis was established in cats with II-stage chronic kidney disease, which was characterized by vacuolar dystrophy of renal tubule epitheliocytes, desquamation of glomerular capsule epithelium. In addition, lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of the renal stroma, thickening of the Shumlyansky-Bowman capsule with significant deposition of PAS-positive substances, the collapse of the glomerular loops, and focal atrophy of the proximal tubules of the kidney pronounced extra capillary desquamation of the glomerular epithelium, segmentation of the vascular glomerulus, and dystrophy of single tubules were noted. The detected changes in kidney biopsies of cats in the II stage of chronic kidney disease are characteristic of this pathology, which makes it possible to develop and carry out effective treatment of animals promptly and improve their quality of life.