Abstract
The improvement in non invasive imaging i.e. real time ultrasound and nuclear medicine has altered imaging of the renal tract for both infants and children. The cornerstone of radiology, the intravenous urogram (IVU/IVP) has given way to abdominal ultrasound examination (US). Functional assessment is undertaken by radionuclides rather than IVU, the dynamic renogram to assess differential function and drainage and the static Tc99m Dimercaptosuccinic acid (Tc99m DMSA) scan to assess renal parenchyma. The role of the IVU is to answer specific questions. The micturating cystourethrogram (MCU) remains crucial, especially in the male, however radionuclide cystography has an important role in vesico ureteric reflux (VUR). The use of computerised tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), angiography, and antegrade studies are limited and specific indications for each examination are becoming clearer. Each technique has its strengths and weaknesses, these must be constantly borne in mind.
Published Version
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