DIAGNOSTIC CAPABILITIES OF CONE-BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN ORTHODONTICS

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Advancements in medical technology, particularly in computer software, have facilitated the use of 3D cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for craniofacial cephalometry, which plays a crucial role in assessing and quantifying anatomical anomalies in three dimensions. However, a standardized method or algorithm for utilizing 3D CBCT in cephalometry has yet to be established. The aim of this study was to analyze and systematize scientific literature available in the PubMed electronic database regarding the use of 3D cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for cephalometric diagnosis in orthodontics. The analysis focused on the following areas: scientific articles describing methods for performing cephalometric analysis using CBCT; applications of CBCT-based cephalometric analysis for diagnosing dentofacial anomalies, treatment planning, and evaluating the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment; sStudies establishing cephalometric norms based on CBCT; analysis of tongue position in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment; evaluation of alveolar bone conditions of the jaws using CBCT; use of CBCT in diagnosing genetic disorders of the craniofacial region and associated pathologies; studies on the temporomandibular joint in orthodontic patients; morphological analysis of the lower jaw muscles; assessment of airway morphology using 3D CBCT. Thus, we can conclude that radiographic examination is an essential component of diagnosing and planning orthodontic treatment. It enables a detailed analysis of the facial skeleton's structure and its relationship with surrounding soft tissues, leading to a more accurate diagnosis. Cephalometric measurements performed on 3D CBCT images are more precise and reliable compared to those conducted on conventional radiographic images. Additionally, 3D CBCT provides comprehensive data for orthodontic analysis, eliminating the need for additional cephalometric radiographs.