Abstract
Aim: Molecular diagnosis of bovine foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) from outbreak herd in Bukaru-Rontuwa, Sinawu/ Tumbunya ward of Ilesha Baruba, in Kwara state-Nigeria was conducted to establish the associated serotypes and disease control plan. Materials and Methods: Purposive study was conducted in cattle outbreak herds during the dry season of January-March, 2011. Random sampling of blood and observed epithelial tissues was collected, stored in accordance with standard methods and subjected to RNA extraction and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Positive samples for FMDV were further subjected to reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), nucleotide sequencing using sequence primers of serotypes O, A, SAT 1-3 and gel electrophoresis. Obtained data were interpreted based on NCBI BLASTN program. Results: Foot and mouth disease (FMD)-RNA extract was not found in all the blood tested with beta-actin range of Ct = 30-34. rRT-PCR assay showed two positive samples with Ct values of 18.79 and 15.28. Gel electrophoresis identified sequenced PCR amplicons as serotype A and SAT 2 respectively. Direct product sequencing confirmed SAT 2 serotype was closely related to SAT 2 isolate LIB/7/2003. Cloned RT-PCR product in pGEM-T easy vector confirmed serotype A as closely related to sequence of A/NIG/21/2009, though multiple NIG/2009 sequences were also identified as closely related. Both isolates showed marked genetic homogeneity with >93% genetic identity in the VP1 region which confirmed heterogeneity and antigenic variation nature of FMDV.
Highlights
Foot and mouth disease (FMD), is a highly contagious viral disease of both domestic and wild cloven hoofed animals, caused by a single-stranded picona-virus, positive RNA genome [1] characterized by high morbidity and exclusion of affected countries from International Animal Trade participation [2]
Foot and mouth disease (FMD)-RNA extract was not found in all the blood tested with beta-actin range of Ct = 30-34. reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) assay showed two positive samples with Ct values of 18.79 and 15.28
A combined real-time and optimized reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) protocols that would facilitate effective and timely FMD outbreak control plan based on identified serotypes is suggested
Summary
Foot and mouth disease (FMD), is a highly contagious viral disease of both domestic and wild cloven hoofed animals, caused by a single-stranded picona-virus, positive RNA genome [1] characterized by high morbidity and exclusion of affected countries from International Animal Trade participation [2]. The FMD virus (FMDV) consists of approximately 8,500 bases that encode a large polyprotein that cleaves into structural proteins and nonstructural proteins with four structural proteins forming an icosahedral capsid. The structural protein region is highly variable while nonstructural protein (3D pol RNA polymerase) gene is a highly conserved region amongst different seroand subtypes of FMDV [3]. Cumulative incidence of FMD serotypes showed six of the seven serotypes (O, A, C, SAT-1, SAT-2, SAT-3) occurred in Africa [5] confounding disease control and aggravating economic losses [6] especially in Nigeria [7] due to increasing number of outbreaks following vicious cycle of recurrent serotypes A, O, SAT 1 and SAT 2 circulation in the last 54 years (1955-2009)[8]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
