Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have completely changed the treatment of cancer, and they also can cause multiple organ immune-related adverse reactions (irAEs). Among them, rheumatic irAE is less common, mainly including inflammatory arthritis, rheumatic myalgia/giant cell arteritis, inflammatory myopathy, and Sjogren's syndrome. For oncologists, rheumatism is a relatively new field, and early diagnosis and treatment is very important, and we need to work closely with experienced rheumatologists. In this review, we focused on the incidence, clinical characteristics, and treatment strategies of rheumatic irAE.
Highlights
In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have made significant breakthroughs in cancer treatment
Rheumatic immune-related adverse reactions (irAEs) have a wide range of manifestations, mainly including inflammatory arthritis (IA), polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR)/giant cell arteritis (GCA), inflammatory myopathy (IM), and Sjogren’s syndrome (SS)
It has been found that 43% of the patients treated with ipilimumab have level 3 or more toxic events, while less than 20% of the patients are treated with PD-1/PD-L1 mAb [20]
Summary
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have made significant breakthroughs in cancer treatment. A large number of clinical trials at home and abroad have confirmed that ICIs is a broad-spectrum, long-lasting, safe, and effective antitumor drug [1]. It can inhibit and kill tumor cells by enhancing the antitumor immune function of the body. It has shown a remarkable clinical effect in the treatment of many kinds of malignant tumors. Rheumatic irAEs have a wide range of manifestations, mainly including inflammatory arthritis (IA), polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR)/giant cell arteritis (GCA), inflammatory myopathy (IM), and Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) These irAEs are mainly described in patients without autoimmune diseases in the past. This review will focus on the pathogenesis, incidence, clinical characteristics, and treatment strategies of rheumatic irAEs
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