DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF COMBAT INJURIES OF THE HEART AND GREAT VESSELS. Review

Abstract

Relevance. According to the modern realities of hostilities in the East of Ukraine, the medical community has grown a request for information about the nature of the most dangerous defeats of the participants of the Joint Forces Operation (JFO) in Donbass.
 Objective: analysis and generalization of the nature of heart injuries received during the hostilities in the East of Ukraine, the stages of medical support of such wounded.
 Materials and methods. Analysis of scientific publications in scientific journals of Ukraine by keywords for the period 2014-2018.
 Results. The nature of injuries among participants in the JFO has been analyzed. The first place is occupied by injuries of blood vessels with bleeding (60%), 2 - pneumothorax (34%), and 3 - airway obstruction (6%). All this can be combined and supplemented by damage to the nervous system and other organs. In the conditions of the modern war in Donbass, shrapnel injuries (50.5%), bullet wounds (25.3%), and closed injury (20.3%) are considered frequent types of injuries. The classification of heart injuries, clinical symptoms, the levels of support for such a wounded are described: first aid at the prehospital stage ("golden minutes") on the battlefield, qualified medical assistance ("golden hour"), specialized medical care in a hospital. Post-traumatic stress disorders have been described that last from one to 6 months and require complex treatment.
 Conclusion. According to NATO's new military medical doctrine, "an effective and reliable medical support system contributes to maintaining the trust of the military and the general public in the army and its political leadership".