Abstract
Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment is an open access journal, focusing on basic and clinical studies related to cancer cell, cell biology, oncology, radiation therapy and radiology, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, surgery, hematology, neuro-oncology, etc.
Highlights
Brain metastases are the most common intracranial malign neoplasms in adult patients, with 170,000 new cases per year reported in the USA alone[1]
In patients who have not presented with seizures, the use of an antiepileptic agent in a prophylactic manner is currently not recommended, following a systematic review by Perry et al[37]
Several useful prognostic scales are available for the clinical decision-making process, the first of which is recursive partition analysis (RPA by Gaspar et al.[40]), developed in 1997. This scale was formed by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) clinical trials that defined three prognostic classes according to four prognostic factors: performance according to the Karnofsky performance scale (KPS), control of the primary disease, presence or absence of extracerebral disease, and age greater or less than 65 years, dividing patients with brain metastases and their respective median survivals into three prognostic classes [Table 2]
Summary
Brain metastases are the most common intracranial malign neoplasms in adult patients, with 170,000 new cases per year reported in the USA alone[1]. Spectroscopy can be performed for single or multiple tumor regions (unique voxel or multivoxel) to detect certain ranges of specific metabolites in brain tissue, such as choline, creatinine, lipids, lactate, and N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA)[22,23] The analysis of these metabolites is helpful for distinguishing metastasis from necrosis, gliosis, and vasogenic edema [Table 1]. Several useful prognostic scales are available for the clinical decision-making process, the first of which is recursive partition analysis (RPA by Gaspar et al.[40]), developed in 1997 This scale was formed by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) clinical trials that defined three prognostic classes according to four prognostic factors: performance according to the Karnofsky performance scale (KPS), control of the primary disease, presence or absence of extracerebral disease, and age greater or less than 65 years, dividing patients with brain metastases and their respective median survivals into three prognostic classes [Table 2]. Surgery plays an important role in the management of brain metastases, enabling a definitive histologic diagnosis in patients with no previously known history of cancer, allowing clinicians to alleviate the symptoms of intracranial hypertension ( providing immediate relief to patients), and serving as a
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