Abstract
Aim and objective: This study was carried out to study demographic features of patients suffering from diabetic foot infections and also to know microorganism causing infections and its management. Study design: It is a hospital based cohort study. Place and duration of study: Department of General Surgery, K.I.M.S, Andhra Pradesh, from Jan 2007 to December 2009. Material and methods: The study was conducted at tertiary care teaching hospital in Andhra Pradesh from 2007 to 2009. The patients of both gender and all age groups who presented with diabetic foot infections comprised the study. The history of diabetic foot was obtained and thorough clinical examination was carried out after written informed consent from patient. The Subject underwent routine and specialized investigations like swab for culture and sensitivity, radiographs of foot. The patients were managed with insulin or oral anti diabetic agents, debridement, drainage, skin grafting. The severe infection cases required amputations to save life of patients. All patients followed until discharge or death. Results: Out of 60 cases 40 were male and 20 female patients. Diabetic foot ulcers were more common in age group of 45-54 (33.33%).Diabetic foot infections were observed more in patients having diabetes for duration of more than years (75.00%). More than 60 % of cases were in Wagner’s grade III to V. Most common organisms responsible for diabetic foot infection were gram positive organisms, 43.33% of cases whereas 16.67% had poly microbial infection.The present study revealed that ceftriaxone was found to be effective in 33.33% of cases of infections followed by amikacin in 25% of cases . Amputations were done in 43.33% cases due to severe life threating spreading, uncontrolled infections. Conclusion: As the diabetic mellitus cases are increasing globally, it is becoming the public health problem. There is huge burden on economy, health system and on society. It is affecting the quality of life of citizens which requires orchestrated efforts from all stake holders to prevent and minimise the foot infections and reduce the number of amputations.
Highlights
The incidence of diabetes is increasing globally
The center for disease control estimate that 50% of these diabetic foot problems and subsequent amputations can be eliminated with the help and proper foot care measures by the people at risk.[1,2]Diabetic foot complications like ulcers, infections and gangrene are associated with increased frequency and length of hospitalization and risk of loss of limb or life
Diabetic foot ulcers were more common in age group of 45-54 (33.33%)
Summary
The incidence of diabetes is increasing globally. Patients with diabetes mellitus has 15-25% life time risk of developing foot ulcers.[1]. Of all the potential medical problems faced by the diabetic patient, approximately 20% of hospital admissions are related to the foot complications. This is substantiated by the fact that 15% of all diabetics will suffer from foot ulceration in their life time.[1] The center for disease control estimate that 50% of these diabetic foot problems and subsequent amputations can be eliminated with the help and proper foot care measures by the people at risk.[1,2]Diabetic foot complications like ulcers, infections and gangrene are associated with increased frequency and length of hospitalization and risk of loss of limb or life. Foot ulceration and infection are leading risk factors for amputation.[1,2,3] 1.1 Aim and objectives
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