Abstract

Diabetes in pregnancy: A comparison of guidelines

Highlights

  • Diabetes in pregnancy is becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide and managing such patients remains challenging

  • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as “carbohydrate intolerance resulting in hyperglycemia of variable severity with onset or first recognition during pregnancy” [2,3]

  • One-sixth of live births are born to a mother with hyperglycemia: 84-90% have GDM while 10-16% have pre-existing diabetes (PED) [5,6,7]

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Summary

Introduction

Diabetes in pregnancy is becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide and managing such patients remains challenging. The aim of this comparison is to help reach a consensus regarding the most reasonable approach to care for such patients and modify our institute’s guidelines where necessary. Unlike GDM, which mostly occurs after 24 weeks, PED can be diagnosed at any time during pregnancy [6]. The prevalence of both type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide [5]. T1DM is an autoimmune process characterized by the destruction of β pancreatic cells, while T2DM is characterized by relative insulin deficiency resulting from peripheral resistance [7]

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