DFT Study of the Adsorption and SERS of Pyridine on M10N10 (M, N = Cu, Ag) Tetrahedral Clusters.

Abstract

This work presents a theoretical detailed analysis of the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of the pyridine-M10N10 (M, N = Ag, Cu) tetrahedral (Td) clusters considering two binding positions: vertex (V) and surface (S). In addition to the well-known monometallic Td structure, we added two different bimetallic Ag-Cu compositions, named Td1 and Td2 geometries. Density functional methodology with the use of BP86 and CAM-B3LYP exchange-correlation functionals (XCs) and LANL2DZ pseudopotential has been employed for analyzing the electronic structure and geometries, the chemical static (CHEM), and resonant Raman mechanisms (RR): charge transfer RR-CT and intracluster excitation RR-CR. The static CHEM mechanism shows an increase in the enhancement factors (EFs) of Py-V concerning Py-S positions, which can also be distinguished by the averaged adsorption energies and bond polarizabilities. The static SERS response for Cu-Py-V junction is from 5 to 10 times greater than Ag-Py-V EFs and up to 28 times greater than Py-S complexes. For the static Raman, we found that the analyses of ν8a and ν1 normal modes are related to the EF changes and allow us to distinguish V from S complexes. The TDDFT calculations show striking differences between BP86 and CAM-B3LYP XCs analyzed spectra, and CAM-B3LYP granted a clear distinction between V and S for the location of CT-type transitions. In addition, important differences were obtained from the analysis of the charge transfer excitations between both XCs. Resonant Raman calculations evidenced significant enhancements for RR-CT and RR-CR as compared to the static enhancements, and RR-CT can be distinguished from the RR-CR mechanism, while specific normal modes help to differentiate the vertex from the surface Py-junction. Bimetallic Ag-Cu nanostructures represent promising choices for SERS substrates, showing EFs higher than those of monometallic Ag.