DFT studies on the reaction of CO 2 with allyl-bridged dinuclear palladium(I) complexes

Abstract

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been carried out to study the reactions of dinuclear palladium(I) complexes containing two allyl bridging ligands with CO 2. The mechanism of the transformations of the first and second bridging allyl ligand to the bridging carboxylate ligands has been studied. It is found that the transformation of the first bridging allyl ligand is kinetically and thermodynamically favorable, while the transformation of the second ligand is thermodynamically and kinetically unfavorable. The energy decomposition and frontier molecular orbital analyses suggest that in the dinuclear palladium(I) complexes containing two allyl bridging ligands the strong trans influencing properties of the allyl ligands weaken the metal–allyl bonding interactions, facilitating the first CO 2 insertion. The dinuclear palladium(I) complexes obtained from the first CO 2 insertion contain only one bridging allyl ligand and show remarkably strong metal–allyl bonding interactions, impeding the second CO 2 insertion.