Development of Web-Oriented Systems: Ontological Approach

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to study, analyze the possibilities and substantiate the creation of a web-oriented system of a catering establishment (pizzeria) based on the ontological approach, as well as to develop the corresponding software. Achieving the aim of the study involves the following tasks: forming a multi-level ontological model of the subject area (catering establishment – pizzeria) and developing an appropriate web-oriented system on its basis. The research methods are the main methodological approaches and technological tools for web-based systems development based on the use of an appropriate multi-level ontological model. Such methods include, in particular, systemic and comparative analyses (to identify the features of web-oriented systems of catering establishments) and the expert evaluation method (in determining the objects of the subject area and the relations between them). The scientific novelty is the study and analysis of modern technologies for the development of web-oriented systems and multi-level ontological modelling of various subject areas, including catering establishments (e.g., pizzerias), the results of which can be used in the development of their software product – a web-oriented system of a catering establishment. Conclusions. The paper investigates the known views on the modern approach to the development of web-oriented systems based on the implementation of the ontological approach. The proposed ontological model of a catering establishment (pizzeria) is described as a formal specification of knowledge about the selected subject area, its objects and the relationship between them (for a clear and complete representation of the subject area), which plays a significant role at different stages of creating and modifying a web-oriented system. The proposed ontological approach, which involves the development of an appropriate multi-level ontological model, has been used in the design of a web-based system for a restaurant (pizzeria). The use of an ontological model in the development of a web-based system of a catering establishment (pizzeria) helps to reduce the risk of errors in the structure of the system, the component and elemental composition of the system and its information base; more accurate perception of the subject area (catering establishments specializing in different cuisines of the peoples of the world (for example, Ukrainian, Japanese, American, but preferring Italian); use in the model representation of the subject area not only formalized means (formal grammar, descriptive logic, etc.) but also natural languages; making more precise queries to the system’s information base (database and the corresponding knowledge base).