DEVELOPMENT OF VALELOLOGICAL EDUCATION IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF THE SOUTH OF UKRAINE (END OF THE 19TH - 1917)

Abstract

In the article the historical and pedagogical analysis of the problem of the development of valeological education in educational institutions in the southern Ukrainian lands (at the end of the nineteenth century – 1917) has been performed; the characteristic features of the development of valeological education in the women's and men's gymnasia, real schools, private and public gymnasia in the south of Ukraine and the empire on a whole, in which a significant place was devoted to valeological education of pupils and the teaching of subjects of valeological cycle, have been defined.The development of valeological education in Ukraine in the late 19th and early 20th centuries corresponded the general imperial policy. However, the specifics of the regions determined its peculiarities on the local level. The goals of the educational process and the educational tasks that the school faced had different ways of implementation and their regional tints. In the south of Ukraine in the 19th century, cities such as Kherson, Mykolaiv, and Odessa became centers of secondary education.The 80s of the 19th century became the starting point of education system reformation in the Russian Empire. Trends existing in society also reflected in the development of the education of the South of Ukraine, but considering certain diversity of this region, peculiar conditions for reforming education, especially its middle level, arose. One of the directions that was supposed to be distinguished and given more weight was a health improvement direction in the upbringing of schoolchildren.Valeological education in this period was guided by the principles of democratic pedagogy. Its main goals were to familiarize students with valeological values. The implementation of these goals was based on the subjects of the valeological cycle.The author concludes that the teaching of the subjects of the valeological cycle in the women’s gymnasia was at a higher level than that of the men’s. It was due to the orientation of education, which included preparing men for state service, and women – for the role of mother. A prominent place in the system of valeological education was taken by educational institutions of the medical branch.