Development of Topical Antibacterial Gel Loaded with Cefadroxil Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: In vivo Wound Healing Activity and Epithelialization Study

Abstract

Wound could be caused due to physical trauma or surgical incisions. The incidence of infection may extend the wound healing process. Thus, present study was aimed for the sustained drug release and site specificity in dermal region to eradicate the bacterial infection, thereby accelerate the wound healing process. Wound healing process was performed by the eradicating cutaneous infection with Cefadroxil loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) based topical gels. Materials and Methods: Solid lipid nanoparticles of Cefadroxil (CEF) were prepared by solvent evaporation technique. Based on the particle and physicochemical characterizations one formulation was optimized. Selected formulation 1% w/w SLN4 was loaded in 1% w/v carbopol to develop topical antibacterial gel, which was evaluated for pH, spreadability, drug release and in vivo wound healing activity in male rats. Results: From the prepared five nanocarriers, SLN4 was selected that showed nanorange size, stable, monodispersed particles, with the optimum entrapment efficiency and drug loading. Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) presented that CEF was encapsulated and available in the non-crystalline form in SLN. Polymeric gel loaded with CEF-SLN4 has desired pH and spreadability with 86.76 +/- 0.12% of drug released in 8 h. Whereas in vivo wound healing activity was assessed as wound contraction and noted to be 99.73 +/- 0.93% within 3 weeks alongside complete epithelialization was achieved within 17 days by the application of CEF-SLN4 gel. Conclusion: Prepared CEF-SLN4 gel was stable, skin-compatible and spreadable with sustained drug release. Applied gel efficiently permeable deeper into skin layers, eradicate the bacterial growth and could be effective in treating the infectious wound in short-span of time. Therefore, CEF-SLN4 topical gel could be efficiently used for the faster wound healing treatment.