Development of theoretical and legal approaches to understanding the essence of somatic human rights in the process of biomedical research

Abstract

It is pointed out that theoretical ideas about the relationship between man and the field of biomedical research inevitably affect the coverage of aspects that are not reduced to the subjects of constitutional and legal regulation. Accordingly, it was methodologically unjustified to limit the idea of realization of somatic rights of citizens only to the analysis of the norms of constitutions. The essence of the implementation of somatic rights of citizens in the process of biomedical research as effective elements in the development of society and in accordance with one category of constitutional law determines the need to review them from the standpoint of ontology, epistemology and axiology of rights. Thus, studies of these complex relationships do not take into account that they determine approaches to their knowledge, explore the order and principles of their implementation and protection, socio-legal "existence", analyze the value of political and legal image.
 Certainly, in order to create a reliable modern scientific foundation for understanding the essence of somatic human rights in the process of biomedical research, it is advisable to influence historical excursions in the specialty that studies a particular legal issue, constitutional and legal foundations of individual somatic rights, , on the basis of and formulated previously existing and current legislation. This will exclude certain trends in the development of both legal doctrine and rule-making activities, the results of which are a thorough improvement of current legislation of Ukraine, including codified content, solve certain problems while opening ways to solve them in different historical periods to avoid in the future. negative and borrow positive experiences.
 The authors argue, based on the analysis of theorists of state and rights, constitutionalists, natives who are involved in the study of somatic human rights, religious scholars who can achieve the result that the historiography of somatic human rights in biomedical research in the broad scientific field of knowledge development of constitutional and legal science and its regularities; in the narrow sense, it is a set of works on various problems of the history of modern constitutionalism, human rights, the influence of religion on human rights and the mechanism of their implementation and protection in a certain historical period.
 At the same time, the aim of the work is to study the constitutional and legal principles and the influence of various factors on the mechanism of realization of somatic rights in the process of biomedical research.
 The methodological basis of the study was the worldview dialectical, general scientific and specific scientific methods of cognition of the phenomena of state and legal reality. Thus, in particular, formal-logical methods of analysis and synthesis allowed to reveal the content of the concepts that make up the subject of research, to classify them, as well as to formulate intermediate and general conclusions. The systematic method allowed to study the role and significance of somatic human rights among other human and civil rights and freedoms. Using the historical method, the doctrinal basis of the study was analyzed, and the main stages of the formation of biomedical research with human participation were identified. The structural-functional method allowed to clarify the internal structure of the mechanism of constitutional and legal support of somatic rights and freedoms of man and citizen in the process of biomedical research, as well as to determine the functional purpose of each element of this mechanism. The content of legal regulations governing social relations, within which the organization and functioning of the mechanism of protection of somatic human rights in the process of biomedical research, was revealed using a special legal method of cognition. The comparative method made it possible to identify similar features and differences in the constitutional and legal regulation of the mechanism of protection of somatic human rights in the process of conducting biomedical research.