Abstract
In order to reduce the scale of peat fires, we suggest using fire barriers made of mineralized materials. The incombustible materials are proposed, specifically sand and bentonite clay, to be used for filling up artificial slits cut in a peat layer. Construction of anti-fire barriers requires a one-time expenditure, in contrast to the existing techniques for fire prevention that require continuous pumping of water in order to increase moisture content in peat. Mathematical modeling of thermal processes in the system peat layer–fire barrier was performed. The time of reaching the dangerous temperature by the protected layer, for the barriers made of river sand with a thickness of 300 mm, and for those made of bentonite clay with a thickness of 180 mm, is not less than 1 day. Given this, we have proven the effectiveness of the proposed barriers. By using mathematical modeling of the processes of fire development, a parabolic dependence was built of the thickness of fire protection barrier b, mm, on time τ, hours, required to protect an object. We established parameters for regression dependences of thickness of a barrier on the time required to protect a peat layer. The result of present research is the proposed technique for designing fire protection barriers made of river sand and bentonite clay, based on the obtained patterns and regression dependences. Research results could be used in the process of designing fire protection barriers for actual peatlands
Highlights
Peat fires occur in different countries of the world, in particular, the USA, Canada, Great Britain, Ukraine, Republic of Belarus, India, and others
The regression dependences obtained have some limits for practical application. These dependences hold in the intervals of the time required to protect a section of a peat layer for the barrier made of river sand, from 3 to 60 hours; for the barrier made of bentonite clay ‒ from 5 to 70 hours
We identified as the result of mathematical modeling of thermal processes in the system peat layer – fireproof protection the patterns in the time of reaching the dangerous temperature in a peat layer that was protected
Summary
Peat fires occur in different countries of the world, in particular, the USA, Canada, Great Britain, Ukraine, Republic of Belarus, India, and others When fighting such fires all over the planet, people are faced with the same problems. Statistical data [1] reveal that fires in the peatlands of Ukraine, especially over the recent years, are the local environmental disaster of the region where they happen. The reason for such fires at the beginning of autumnal field works and the season of hunting is often the human factor. Our work’s objective is to search for materials that are capable of eliminating the propagation of peat fires in order to protect settlements that are adjacent to them
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