Abstract
The importance of the representation ability in problem-solving in physics makes students need to practice the representation ability, one of them is the pictorial representation. Before practicing it, students need to know their level of ability first. This research aims to develop test instruments of pictorial representation of gravity Newton's law by integrating 50% of the vernal equinox phenomenon. The research method used is the 4D method (define, design, development, and disseminate). The subjects of the research were 158 students of class XI Science in high schools in West Kalimantan. Data were analyzed according to V-Aiken Analysis and the Partial Credit Model (PCM) to measure goodness fit, reliability, and difficulty index. This study also measured the ability of students' pictorial representation. In general, the test instruments are in the good category with content validity having a V-Aiken value in the range of 0.80-1.00, goodness fit with a range of 0.59-1.30 where two questions were under 0.77, and a fairly consistent level of reliability. All items are in the normal range of difficulty levels with a range of -0.52-0.29. The average results of the ability of students' pictorial representation are in the very low category with a percentage of 62%.
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