Development of Sustainable Agriculture Subjects in Secondary Academic Schools: A Comfirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) Approach

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to discuss the development of a valid and reliable measurement of sustainable agriculture subjects for secondary academic school. The elements of the instrument were developed using the four rounds of Delphi technique that finally end up with 20 indicators. The five-point scale of 139 items were then derived and validated. This instrument was administered to 312 agriculture subject teachers from all over Peninsular Malaysia which were randomly selected. AMOS software version 16 was used to analyze the data. The value of Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Tucker Lewis Index (TLI), and the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) were used to maintain or drop the items. The findings of the study using confirmatory factor analysis measurement model featured 48 items as valid and reliable items to measure 13 indicators of sustainable agriculture subjects after dropping 91 items. This instrument can be used to obtain the status of sustainability of the agriculture subjects in daily secondary academic schools in Malaysia.