Development of Skin Lotion Containing Antioxidant Extract from Coffee Pulp and Study on Its Stability

Abstract

Coffee pulp, a major coffee waste in the coffee industry, has been found to contain bioactive compounds that can provide high antioxidant activity and hence, can be utilized as a natural antioxidant source. One of the beneficial utilizations of coffee pulp extract is its application in skin cosmetics, such as skin lotion. The application of antioxidant on the skin is one way to avoid skin damages and diseases from happening, which can be caused by free radicals generated through ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight. The aim of this study is to apply the coffee pulp extract powder into skin lotion formulation, and to study the phenolic content, antioxidant activity and the stability of the formulated lotions. First, the coffee pulp (CP) was extracted at sample to solvent ratio of 1:10 (w/v) using ethanol/water mixtures at various extraction temperatures and times to obtain the optimum extraction condition. The resulting coffee pulp extract at optimum condition (50°C, 120 minutes) was pulverized into coffee pulp extract powder. The yield of the pulverization was 0.217146 g powder/g CP. The coffee pulp extract powder was then added into skin lotion formulation with four different concentrations (0.125 %, 0.25 %, 0.5 % and 1 % by mass). All coffee pulp skin lotions were found to show good physical stability and considerably higher antioxidant activity (IC50 : 5,805 ppm – 55,776 ppm) compared to commercial lotions (IC50 : 505,018 ppm – 557,218 ppm).