Abstract
Safety is one of the most important concerns for lithium-ion batteries due to the high energy density of the cells. In battery packs for HEV, PHEV, or EV applications, there exist dozens of lithium-ion cells that are connected in series and/or parallel to create a pack with high voltage and that is capable of discharging and charging with high currents. Managing such a battery pack therefore requires increased safety management compared to a cellphone or laptop battery. Not only is the management of the safety important during usage of the pack but also during assembly and maintenance. The high voltage conditions (>100V) that exist in HEV battery packs can pose potential hazards for workers and auto mechanics. The need for increased safety controls increases with higher voltage systems. Therefore, improving the safety of the lithium-ion battery via the cell chemistry can lead to a reduction of cost for the HEV, PHEV, and EV battery by eliminating the need for costly battery management and cooling systems.In order to improve the safety of lithium-ion batteries for use in HEV, PHEV, and EV applications, EnerDel has investigated various battery active materials using 2Ah sized prototype cells. These cells were tested according to the U.S. Advanced Battery Consortium (USABC) test FreedomCAR manual. The tests included power capability, cycle life, calendar life, and cold cranking tests. In addition to the tests in the FreedomCAR test manual, some abuse tests such as overcharge and nail penetration were also carried out.
Highlights
EnerDel is a lithium-ion battery company located in Indianapolis, Indiana, focused on delivering batteries for Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV), PHEV, and EV applications for the automotive industry
The results show the very stable cycling capability of the LiMn2O4 - spinel (LMO)/LTO system
The temperature fluctuated between 55oC and 58oC depending upon whether the cell was charging or discharging. These results indicate the low heat generation of the LMO/LTO system which allows the system to be thermally managed with a Figure 6: 5C cycling at 55oC for 100% depth of discharge
Summary
EnerDel is a lithium-ion battery company located in Indianapolis, Indiana, focused on delivering batteries for HEV, PHEV, and EV applications for the automotive industry. The facility in Indianapolis has the full utility and infrastructure for mass producing lithium-ion batteries. For the HEV application, EnerDel’s technology provides a battery application focusing on Safety, Performance, Quality, and Life. These four key aspects are achieved in EnerDel’s battery technology through the choice of active materials, the mechanical architecture, thermal management, battery management, and system interface. It is the combination of these qualities that allows EnerDel to provide the best battery solution for HEV market. The operational voltage of an LMO/LTO system is lower than most conventional lithium-ion chemistry systems
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