Abstract
Enhanced assumed strain (EAS) elements are widely used in the literature to address the issue of locking associated with conventional elements. However, existing literature in the context of three-dimensional (3D) elasticity problems is predominantly restricted to the eight-node linear EAS elements. Thus, existing 3D EAS elements do not exploit the superior performance offered by quadratic elements over linear elements. In the current work, we propose a novel twenty-seven node quadratic EAS element, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the first such attempt in the literature. Additionally, the manuscript also presents a six-node wedge and an eighteen-node wedge EAS element. The proposed elements are derived methodically by investigating the interrelation between the two-field Hellinger–Reissner (HR) and three-field Veubeke–Hu–Washizu (VHW) variational formulations. The robustness and performance of the proposed EAS elements is demonstrated through numerous examples.
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