Abstract
The article using the methods of bibliographic and source study analysis and systems approach highlights the state and main trends in the development of meteor astronomy in Odessa during the time of independent Ukraine. At the beginning of the 21st century, continuous meteor patrol was restored at the Odessa Astronomical Observatory, which was intensively conducted at the Observatory during Soviet times. It was based on the use of the television and telescopic method, which was used in the CIS for the first time. The advantages of using the television telescopic method in comparison with the photographic and radar methods for solving the fundamental problems of meteor astronomy are noted. The text gives valuable information on the features of continuous meteor patrols at the observation station Kryzhanovka and the work of the expeditionary automatic meteor patrol on Snake Island (Odessa region, Ukraine). The methods of conducting telescopic television observations and processing observational material developed by Odessa researchers are considered. The main directions of meteoric studies conducted in the Odessa Astronomical Observatory using television meteor patrol materials were determined. Studying the physics of meteoric phenomena, obtaining exact coordinates of individual meteor radiant, spectral observations of meteors, studying double and multiple meteors, studying the structure and density of meteoric dust particles, solving interaction problems meteor showers with the Earth’s atmosphere, statistics of meteor phenomena in the Earth’s atmosphere are the main directions of meteoric studies of Odessa Astronomical Observatory. The scientific potential of Yu. M. Gorbanev in the field of meteor astronomy of, the leader of the meteoric group, O. V. Holubaieva, the head of the meteor's television patrol at the Kryzhanovka observation station in 2003-2011, as well as participation in the meteor research S. H. Kimakovskyi, I. I. Kimakovskyi, S. V. Podlesniak, I. A. Stognieieva, L. A. Saresta, A. F. Prinzykov, V. A. Shestopalov, etc are noted. Conclusions are drawn about the importance of conducting meteoric research for the development of fundamental and applied science.
Highlights
Today the research of meteors is a current task, which is important for fundamental science
The participation of the Odessa Astronomical Observatory in the research program of the International Geophysical Year was of great importance for the development of meteor astronomy at Odessa University
The meteor patrol is that the panoramic equipment is constantly ready to receive a signal from a certain area of the celestial sphere to fix the meteor
Summary
Today the research of meteors is a current task, which is important for fundamental science. The study of the physics of meteors gives an idea of the nature of the interaction of particles of macroscopic size with velocities unattainable in laboratory conditions (~ 11-73 km/s) with the atmospheres of the planets The results of this kind of research may be used and are used to solve the problem of overheating of the skin of spacecraft when they enter the dense atmosphere of the Earth and other planets or their satellites As for the history of the development of Odessa meteor astronomy in independent Ukraine, it has not been studied and is represented mainly by short use information in a number of scientific publications (Koval, (Eds.), 2015; Smyntyna et al, 2008)
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