Abstract
Power is generated in a variety of ways, including renewable energy, nuclear power, and burning of fossil fuels. The majority of our power is currently generated by burning fossil fuels, mostly natural gas and coal, to spin turbines attached to an electromagnetic generator. The main advantage of AC generation is that the voltage levels can be altered up and down with transformers, allowing electricity to be sent across long distances to the loads that demand it. The excitation system demand for large synchronous generators with a few hundred-megawatt ratings becomes very enormous. The challenge of transmitting such a big amount of power through high-speed sliding contacts becomes daunting. Mechanical coupling with exciter for synchronous generators is essential to mitigate such problems as the corrected output is linked directly to the field winding. This paper aims to develop a simulation of a 3-phase diesel engine-based 2 MVA/400 V synchronous generator with mechanical coupling and an exciter system. The developed simulation of the synchronous machine is set to deliver 25 % of its rating value (500 kW) till the time of 3 sec. Then, additional power of 1 MW is switched at t=3 sec via a 3-phase circuit breaker. The dynamic response of field current and field voltage of the simulation shows reasonable step performance as the steady-state time is less than 3 sec. The control of the excitation system allows the generator to maintain voltage, control reactive power flow, and assist in maintaining power system stability. The simulation was accurate when measuring the voltage and current under these changes. This analysis can help to investigate further integration with renewable energy sources.
Highlights
Power is generated in a variety of ways, including renewable energy, nuclear power, and burning of fossil fuels
The majority of our power is currently generated by burning fossil fuels, mostly natural gas and coal, to spin turbines attached to an electromagnetic generator [1, 2]
With a larger-scale generation being needed, electromagnetic field coils were able to produce substantially more power. This is done by applying a DC, or excitation current, to the field windings through a pair of carbon brushes and slip rings
Summary
Power is generated in a variety of ways, including renewable energy, nuclear power, and burning of fossil fuels. For a generator to produce power, an electromagnetic induction must occur between the field windings in the rotor and the armature windings in the stator. With a larger-scale generation being needed, electromagnetic field coils were able to produce substantially more power This is done by applying a DC, or excitation current, to the field windings through a pair of carbon brushes and slip rings. The field winding is a continuous wire that is looped around a certain number of poles that are part of the rotor core, with positive polarity connected on one end and negative on the other This DC current can come from an external source or a small exciter rotor with a rectifier that is attached at the same shaft as the main rotor and is called self-excited. During load changes or disturbances on the system, the exciter must respond, sometimes rapidly, to maintain the proper voltage at the generator terminals for the load
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