Development of measures in the field of veterinary and sanitary requirements for the safety of herd horse breeding products

Abstract

Infectious diseases such as salmonellosis, strangles and rhinopneumonia of horses remain an unsolved task of veterinary practice not only in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), but also in other regions of Russia where herd horse breeding is developed. Only in recent years, after scientists of the Yakut Research Institute of Agriculture have developed highly immunogenic vaccines such as "Salmonella abortion vaccine", "Inactivated horse strangles vaccine" and at the approval stage "Divalent vaccine against rhinopneumonia and equine salmonellosis", "Combined vaccine against rhinopneumonia and strangles horse for young horses", epizootological the situation in the republic. In the process of introducing these vaccines in disadvantaged farms, the quality of horse meat and foal supplied is assessed by conducting organoleptic, physico-chemical, microbiological, chemical-toxicological and radiological studies. All studies were conducted in compliance with standards and norms. Enzyme immunoassay proved the circulation of the rhinopneumonia virus in farms where vaccinations were not carried out. Salmonella abortion and horse strangles are registered annually in the republic. Infectious diseases create a barrier to the export of horse breeding products. We are developing a scheme of preventive veterinary and sanitary measures for horse breeding farms of the republic that are disadvantaged by infectious diseases of horses. One of its important points is to improve the quality of products obtained from horse breeding. During the implementation of these measures, mares and young horses were immunized with vaccines developed by us in the farms of Tattinsky, Megino-Kangalassky and Ust-Aldansky uluses. Vaccinated animals received the probiotic "Sakhabactisubtil" with food. The business output of foals from vaccinated mares increased by 10-30%. A veterinary and sanitary examination of the foal was carried out. Microbiological examination of 50 samples of meat in 2 samples revealed bacteria of the Escherichia coli group. According to other indicators, the studied meat samples correspond to TR CU 021/2011 "On food safety", TR CU 034/2013 "On the safety of meat and meat products". Export of foals from the republic is possible after recovery from rhinopneumonia and annual vaccination against salmonella abortion and horse strangles.