Abstract
Mastoidectomy is a surgical procedure for the treatment of chronic otitis media. This study investigated the ability of rat stromal vascular fraction cells (rSVF) in combination with polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds and osteogenic differentiation-enhancing blood products to promote the regeneration of mastoid bone defect. Twenty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided according to obliteration materials: (1) control, (2) PCL scaffold only, (3) rSVFs + PCL, (4) rSVFs + PCL + platelet-rich plasma, and (5) rSVFs + PCL + whole plasma (WP). At 7 months after transplantation, the rSVFs + PCL + WP group showed remarkable new bone formation in the mastoid. These results indicate that SVFs, PCL scaffolds, and blood products accelerate bone regeneration for mastoid reconstruction. Autologous SVF cells with PCL scaffolds and autologous blood products are promising composites for mastoid reconstruction which can be easily harvested after mastoidectomy. With this approach, the reconstruction of mastoid bone defects can be performed right after mastoidectomy as a one-step procedure which can offer efficiency in the clinical field.
Highlights
The management of middle ear disease occasionally requires a canal wall-down mastoidectomy
We investigated the biological effects of uncultured autologous adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fractions (SVFs) and blood products on a PCL scaffold on osteogenic differentiation
To investigate the surface markers of SVFs obtained from 7-week-old male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, flow cytometry analysis was performed, and the results clearly demonstrated the ability of rat stromal vascular fraction cells (rSVF) cells in passage one to differentiate under the conditions in this study
Summary
The management of middle ear disease occasionally requires a canal wall-down mastoidectomy. The inner surfaces are covered with mucosa resulting from chronic ear diseases such as otitis media and mastoiditis. This structure is associated with gas exchange function and pressure regulation of the middle ear [1,2,3]. This surgical procedure is indispensable for the eradication of chronic ear diseases, it has a common problem of altering the anatomy and physiology of the middle ear which can cause repetitive chronic infections, dizziness, granulation tissue formation, and the accumulation of keratin debris [4]. To reduce open cavity problems, mastoid obliteration along with the reconstruction of the posterior wall of the external auditory canal and air cells has been attempted [6,7,8,9]
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